I think I went to a fake job interview

A reader writes:

I applied for a job on Craigslist online three weeks ago. I was called to come in for an interview and learned it had been posted by a temp agency. So I went in for the interview and I thought it went really well. The recruiter who interviewed me told me that that particular position had recieved many applications and she wasn’t sure if they would be doing any more interviews. She said she thought they were close to hiring someone, but that she would keep me in mind for any future opportunities.

This was on a Friday. After the weekend, I got up and logged onto my computer to start my job search again. Lo and behold, the exact same ad had been re-posted that Monday morning.

Now I don’t know what to do. The recruiter lied to me about the availability of the position and now I think the whole thing was just bait for them to sign me up with their agency. Should I email the recruiter who interviewed me and tell her I’m concerned? Or will that minimize my chances of finding a job with that temp agency in the future? I find this really frustrating.

There’s a strong likelihood that it was bait to sign you up with their agency, because this is how many, many staffing agencies work. They post boilerplate ads for jobs that don’t really exist (although they’d probably tell you that they have many jobs similar to it that they fill all the time) in order to build a database of candidates who they can call on in the future. Sometimes they call on them for jobs that are indeed similar to the one you applied for. And sometimes they aren’t. But yeah, they’re often fake ads.

It’s also possible that that’s not the case here. It could be a real job, and they are indeed close to hiring someone for it, as the recruiter told you — but most places keep their job ads active until they’ve made an offer and had it accepted … because offers sometimes fall through: candidates turn them down, they can’t come to terms over salary, etc. So you do sometimes see this happen, and it doesn’t indicate anything deceptive is happening. But when you see it from a staffing agency, odds are good that it was just a bait ad.

By the way, staffing agencies that do this don’t see anything wrong with it. If you asked about it, they’d tell you that since they fill similar jobs all the time, there’s nothing devious about the practice. (Of course, that conveniently ignores the fact that they make up lies like “Oh, that job has just been filled.”) So I wouldn’t bother complaining to the recruiter — first of all, she won’t agree with you that there’s an issue, and second, yes, she’ll just discard you as a pain in the ass after that. (And third, if they actually did tell you the truth — which is possible — then you’ll look crazy.)

If you don’t want to work with a staffing agency, you of course don’t have to. But there’s no harm in hearing from them in the future about what they might be able to offer you. You’re always free to take it or leave it.

how to ask for your old job back

A reader writes:

Seven weeks ago, I left a job of five years with a nonprofit for a higher salary and the possibility of advancement at a much larger for-profit company. I liked working for my old employer, but the pay and opportunity were too tempting. My manager understood, and I left on a high note with recommendations from her, her boss, and even the CEO. My boss’s boss even made the offer that I could “come back anytime” if things didn’t work out at the new company.

And they haven’t. The new job has been nothing short of a nightmare. I was assured that work-life balance is important during interviews, but everyone on my team works around the clock, and my mentors lack experience and confidence in their ability to get me up to speed. Morale is low across the board. It has been a learning experience, and not one I want to suffer through for six months or more.

My old position has not been filled yet, but although I left on great terms, I know getting it back is no sure bet. My manager was encouraging when I left, but we were not close and I am unsure how best to approach her. Can you help me rebuild this bridge?

Email your former manager. Tell her the grass was not greener after all and that you’re thinking of moving on from the new company. Tell her that you’d love to talk about coming back if that’s something they’d be interested in.

Some people will tell you that you should pick up the phone and call for this conversation, but if I were your manager, I’d appreciate getting an email about it instead — because there’s a decent chance that she’s going to be taken off-guard and that she’ll want to put her thoughts together — and maybe talk to others there — before responding.

If she shuts you down — for instance, if she tells you that they have an offer out for your old job or have already hired someone — then you can consider whether it makes sense to reach out to others at the company, like the higher level manager who told you that you were welcome back anytime. Realize, of course, that people sometimes say that when someone is leaving and it doesn’t always mean they’ll have a position available when you decide to take them up on it … but there would be no harm in reaching out to them and saying that you know your old position is being filled but that you’d love to talk with them if they think a different role for you there might make sense.

By the way, if you do that, let your old manager know that you plan to. Either way, you’ll want to thank her for getting back to you and wish her luck with the new hire — and if you’re going to reach out to others, mention that too, so that she doesn’t hear about it later and think you went around her to try to undo her hiring decision or anything like that.

But before you do any of this, there’s one important thing to consider: If you go back to this company, you need to be committed to staying for a good long time. If they take you back and then you leave again in a year, you’re going to sour the relationship — and you shouldn’t sour a relationship that currently sounds very positive. So think carefully about why you were job searching in the first place (assuming you were) and whether you really want to go back or whether it’s just an easy escape from your current situation. Because you don’t want to find yourself shortly wanting to leave all over again.

Good luck!

terse answer Thursday — 7 short answers to 7 short questions

It’s terse answer Thursday — seven short answers to seven short questions. Here we go…

1. My boss is reading my emails

I’ve been having trouble at work. I went on FMLA medical leave from September to December, during which time my boss started to receive my email. When I returned to work, she decided to keep reading my email. I know this because frequently she comes to my office to ask me questions about them. Yesterday she called me in for a meeting, and pulled out a large folder with my emails printed out with notes on them. Is this a sign I’m about to be fired? And if I’m about to be fired, is preemptively quitting better than getting fired?

Why not ask her what’s going on? Say something like, “I’m getting the sense that you’re concerned about how I’m handling my email, both because you’re still monitoring it — which you didn’t do before I went on leave — and because you’ve been asking me about it. Do you have concerns about my performance that we should talk about?”

As for whether quitting is better than being fired, that’s really premature at this point (and depends on lots of factors that aren’t in your letter). First you need to find out what’s going on.

2. Can I push back against meetings that run into the evening?

I am a senior logistics manager within an automotive based company. My wife has recently returned to work and we have a baby who is in childcare on a daily basis. Recently the company has been calling meetings which can sometimes last until 7 p.m. Due to my family commitments, do I have the right to advise that I need to leave due to family commitments at a reasonable hour?

Sure, you can explain that to your manager. And with many jobs, at many companies, that will be fine and you and your manager will find a way to work around your schedule. But at other jobs and other companies, it might not be flexible. So it depends on how accommodating your employer is willing and able to be.

3. Writing pieces on behalf of someone else

In my job, I write articles and reports on behalf of my supervisor. He might review the work, but I do all the research and writing. When the pieces are published, my name usually isn’t on the byline with his. Would you please suggest an approach I could take to putting this activity on my resume? And if I were to need writing samples, could I use any of the articles that list only him as the author?

This is very common, and employers will understand it. You can refer to it on your resume as “wrote articles and reports released under CEO’s name” (or whatever), and assuming that your manager is willing to confirm that you wrote the pieces if asked in a reference check, there’s no reason you can’t use them as writing samples.

4. Thank-you gift for dining hall staff

I am a senior at a small women’s college, and I have to follow a restricted diet due to medical issues. Throughout my four years here, the dining hall staff have gone way above and beyond the call of duty in accommodating this — making me a gluten-free pancake with a candle for my birthday my first year, for example (when I was also washing dishes in the dining hall for work-study). I’d like to give them some kind of thank-you gift for everything they’ve done for me, but I don’t actually know any of them well enough to know what they’d like. Would it be appropriate to bring/send a flower arrangement or something similar for the staff as a whole?

Yes, absolutely. They’d probably also appreciate a handwritten card telling them how much their help meant to you.

5. Reaching back out to a company after withdrawing from a hiring process

I made a big mistake! I applied for a great position and even got a interview lined up. But my manager at the time presented me with a promotion, so I withdrew my resume, advising them of this new opportunity. The problem is that now my manager is abruptly no longer with my company and the position that was promised to me was put on hold. Would I be out of line if I were to write the other hiring manager an apology and ask them to consider me for any future positions?

You don’t need to apologize — you didn’t do anything wrong. But it would be fine to let them know that because your manager has left, you’re interested in moving on after all and that you’d love to talk with them if they think you’d be a good match for a role in the future.

6. Calling when a job ad lists a phone number

If a job description lists a name/number to call if you have questions, should you always call, even if you “think” you know enough to proceed with the application?

No, absolutely not! If you have no burning reason to call, don’t call. They’re going to have hundreds of applicants for that position, if they’re like most places, and if all that applicants felt they should call (with or without good cause), they’d be hugely inconvenienced. Moreover, you won’t make a good impression if it’s clear that you don’t have a compelling reason to call them.

7. My temp position was posted online yesterday

I am a temp and have worked here for 2 months. When I was being hired, I was told that there was a high chance that I would become full-time, but I saw that my position was posted online yesterday. Should I go to my boss and ask him, “Are you hiring someone for my position?” I think if I don’t ask, I will drive myself crazy/paranoid, plus I was laid off before starting here as a temp! At this company there are a total of three people in this same position (includes me) but the other two are full-time.

Should I directly ask my boss, my boss’s boss, or call HR? I feel like unless I directly ask my immediate supervisor I will only create “gossip.” Please advise.

You are way over-thinking this. You’re not going to create gossip by enquiring about this. It’s also completely normal and reasonable that they want to consider multiple candidates rather than simply offering you the position (and “high chance” that you’d get the job is not a certainty). Just ask your manager: “I saw that this role was posted online yesterday. I’d love to be considered for it if you think I’d be a strong candidate.”

my rude and intrusive coworker makes me feel horrible

A reader writes:

I have a question about how to deal with a coworker. Some background info: I’m a 25-year-old woman, outgoing, and I’m well liked around the office and have been there for 18 months. She’s a 64-year-old woman and some people around the office don’t like her much as a person (good worker though), and she’s been with the company for 12+ years. We sit beside each other at work.

Our work rarely overlaps, so there’s no work-based issue here. It’s her personal comments. Today, I had a piece of pie with my lunch. When she saw it, she said, “If you don’t watch it, you’re gonna get fat.” This is not the first time something like this has been said. Last week, a coworker complimented me on a presentation I made to his team and she said, “She (me) probably didn’t know what she was talking about or understand the topic.” A few months ago, she said to me, “Your boobs hang out of your shirts like the girls on The Bachelor.” (My colleagues and HR contact assured me this is not the case.) When she apologized, she said, “I’m sorry I said that, but it’s kind of true.” This has been going on for about the last 12 months. I get about 3-4 comments like these a week.

My question is: how do I deal with this coworker? I’m pretty friendly, so I joke things off. For example, to the “you’re gonna get fat” comment, I said, “Good thing I’m a marathon runner and run a lot!” I love the company and my work, but she has started to make work miserable for me. I don’t want to complain or take the low road and return the nasty comments, but it’s really getting to me, to the point where I have been in tears by the time I get home.

Any advice would be great. My self-esteem has been beaten up and I’m upset I let myself be bothered by her, but it’s constant negativity directed at me.

This woman sounds like a horrible relative who you’d have to put up with for the sake of family harmony — how awful that she’s shown up in your office, sitting right next to you.

Fortunately, because she’s not a relative, you have more leeway in dealing with her. (I actually believe you have a lot of leeway in dealing with this type of relative too, but that tends to be more complicated and fraught for people.)

In any case, by trying to laugh things off, you’ve probably signaled to her that she can continue saying things like this without consequence, so even though this isn’t your preferred way of dealing with it, you’re going to need to be more direct if you want these comments to stop.

For instance: “Please do not comment on my body again.” Or, “Please don’t comment on what I eat.” You might be tempted to smile or laugh when you say this in order to soften it, but don’t. You need to convey to her that you’re serious. If she tells you you’re overreacting or need to lighten up, you simply repeat it: “Please don’t comment on my body (or what I eat) again.”

The next time she makes a rude comment about your work like the one she made about your presentation: “Wow. That was unwarranted.” Again, no smile. Say it and turn back to your work.

Also, keep in mind that these comments aren’t about you. They’re about her. Even if your work was bad and your boobs were hanging out of your shirt, who says things like this? Normal, socially appropriate people do not — or at least they don’t go about it like this. So you can be confident that every time she makes one of these comments, she’s revealing something about herself, not you. If you can come to really see that that’s true, you can actually start genuinely feeling sorry for her — because she’s probably unhappy and almost certainly doesn’t have much quality of life. Alternately, you can also start seeing her as a source of amusement — what’s rude, curmudgeonly Jane going to say today?

I know it would be better to find a way to silence her altogether, but since you can’t do that, the best thing to do is to change the way you respond to her externally (no more joking signals to her that you’ll put up with these comments) and internally (no more letting a semi-crazy woman have so much power over your peace of mind).

And one last thing: Can you ask to change where you sit? Seriously. If that’s an option, there’s no shame in taking it. You don’t need to make a big thing about it with details about why you don’t like sitting by your coworker; just say to your manager, “I noticed the desk over there is open. Would it be possible for me to move over there?” If your manager asks why, you can just say, “Jane is pretty talkative, and I’d love to be able to better focus.”

But otherwise, I’m afraid this one comes down to being willing to assertively set boundaries, tell her when what she’s said is Not Okay, and make sure that you don’t let a boorish loon control how you feel about yourself.

Read updates to this letter here and here.

why do employers ask for personal references rather than professional ones?

A reader writes:

I’m applying for a job that requests I send “three references other than previous employers or relatives.” Does this mean that I can’t use anyone I’ve worked with in the past? I’m several years out of school and nearly all of my references are work-related. Should I list friends? Old classmates? I don’t really feel comfortable asking clients/vendors who I work with to provide a reference, and I don’t think anyone from organizations I’m involved in outside work know me well enough to give anything particularly strong. Help!

Ugh, I don’t know why some employers insist on doing this.

Sometimes it means that they want “personal” references — people who can vouch for you being a generally upstanding member of the community. Other times it means that they want professional references who aren’t managers (such as peers or clients). Bizarrely, it’s more often the former than the latter. But it’s fine to ask them for clarification by saying something like, “Are you looking for personal references or references who can speak to my work?”

For personal references, you can use people like a landlord, contacts at organizations you’ve volunteered for, professors if your graduation was within the last few years, and people you have not-too-intimate relationships with in your community (someone you served on a board with would be ideal, or a teammate if you’re on some kind of sports league). I say not too intimate because they’re not looking to talk with someone you dated or someone so close to you that they can’t speak reasonably objectively about you.

But in my opinion, it’s silly. You’re not going to be their roommate; you’d be their employee, and they should be talking to people who know you as an employee.

stop annoying people on LinkedIn

LinkedIn can be an awesome tool for networking and even finding jobs, but if you’re not careful, you can end up using it in ways that alienate the very people you’re hoping to form connections with. Here are some of the most common annoying behaviors to avoid on the site.

Sending connection requests to people who you don’t know at all. The point of LinkedIn is to connect with your contacts. If you try to connect with someone who has no idea who you are, and especially if you don’t bother to include a note telling them why you’d like to connect, you’ll alienate and annoy people. (And if you send enough of these and in response enough people indicate they don’t know you, LinkedIn may even ban you from sending more connection requests.)

Sending connection requests without any context, just the default message. Even with people who you do know, it’s considered good form to personalize the connection request message, even if it’s just a line or two. Most folks will still accept the request if they know you, but you’ll make a much better impression if you write something personalized to them.

Updating your status too often. LinkedIn isn’t Facebook or Twitter; it’s a business networking site. If you clog up people’s feeds with constant updates or posts that won’t be of general interest, you may find some people remove you from their connections entirely.

Contacting strangers about job openings to try to circumvent their company’s application system. If an employer has an online job application system, they want you to use it. They do not want you to contact their employees through LinkedIn to ask if they’ll pass your resume along for you. And those employees who don’t know you have no reason to vouch for you, after all.

Lying about your title or your job responsibilities. Your coworkers will look at your profile one day, and they will lose all respect for you. And worse, if a reference-checker happens to cross-reference your LinkedIn profile with your resume and sees discrepancies, that will be a huge red flag.

Indiscriminately endorsing people. Now that LinkedIn has debuted its new endorsement feature, which allows people to endorse you for various skills, complaints have already started about abuse of the feature. You might think you’re doing your contacts a favor by endorsing them for a litany of skills, but people don’t want their profiles crowded with things they have no real expertise in.

Not building a profile but asking people to connect with you anyway. If you connect with someone and they check out your profile, only to discover that it contains little more than your name, they’re going to wonder what you’re doing on LinkedIn in the first place. If you’re going to use the site, you need to use the site – at least to set up a fleshed out profile for yourself.

Forgetting that many users can see that you viewed their profile. People with certain types of accounts and certain preference settings can see how has been looking at their profile. There’s no need for stealth – their profile is there to be viewed, after all – but if you’re looking at it day after day, you’ll seem a little stalkerish.

Using groups to try to sell things. LinkedIn’s groups are one of the best ways to network and share information. But unless you’re in a group specifically designed for selling, you will annoy group members (and maybe even get kicked out) if you try to promote products and services in a space where other people are trying to talk.

I originally published this at U.S. News & World Report.

wee answer Wednesday — 7 short answers to 7 short questions

It’s wee answer Wednesday — seven short answers to seven short questions. Here we go…

1. My boss told my coworker and me to decide which of us will get a promotion

I’ve been working at a county government job for just about 10 years, and I’m 30 years old. We maintain roads and bridges for our county. My boss called me and another employee to the side and let us know that a master operator position will be available soon due to an employee retiring. The thing that I feel is strange is what he said next, which was that it was up to me and this other employee to come to an agreement about which one of us should get the promotion, because he wasn’t going to decide. He gave reasons why we both have what it takes to be a master operator, and he said he didn’t want to make the decision. I’m aggressive and other employees listen to me and respect me, which the other guy lacks, but the other guy is a better operator, which I feel I can improve with time. How am I and this other employee going to come to a decision of which one of us should get the promotion?

Your boss is a complete and utter ass. Telling the two of you to decide which of you will get a promotion, like it’s Hunger Games or something? Agree between the two of you to go back to him and tell him that neither of you is comfortable making that decision — or that you can’t reach an agreement — and that it’s something he should decide.

2. Contracting with a company that turned down my employer for the same work

I have been approached by a company to do some work for them on a contract basis. This company previously contacted my employer to get a quote on the company doing the contract work. The hourly rate was too high and they did not go with our company. (We work with this company quite a bit. They have many different departments, and this happens to be a new one. The person that contacted me is a colleague of my husband, who said they wanted to hire a person for this position, but there is a hiring freeze. My name had come up a few times as someone to talk to about doing the job on a contract basis.)

I would like to accept this job, in addition to keeping my regular job. I am paid very poorly and could use the extra money. What is the best way to approach my boss with this arrangement? I currently work 37 hours per week, and this job would be an additional 20 hours per week.

You can certainly tell your boss that you were approached about this and are interested in doing the work, but I’d be prepared for your boss to be less than thrilled about you essentially undercutting the company and moonlighting for a client. So approach it as “would this be okay to do?” attitude, not “I am doing this.”

3. Is it weird that I didn’t tell my boss my father is dead?

I graduated from college last May and have been interning for a company since my last year of school. My boss is really easy to get along with and we have casual conversations from time to time, which I enjoy. On more than one occasion, he has referenced my father in passing, such as saying something like, “Your dad probably knows what I’m talking about” after an anecdote from before my time or “Make sure your dad likes him” after I mention that my boyfriend is coming to town. Actually, my father died when I was a toddler. I have no problem whatsoever talking about it, but I’ve always gone along with/simply ignored comments like these while chatting with my boss because I know mentioning such a thing would stop a conversation with someone I don’t have a personal relationship with dead in its tracks and I don’t want to make things awkward for anyone.

However, this week, my boss asked my what my father did for a living, so then, of course, I finally told him my father passed away when I was child. His reaction was perfectly kind and somewhat embarrassed. The moment has passed and I’m not really worried about any lingering effects on our work relationship, but I feel bad because I’m afraid I may have caused some of that embarrassment by not mentioning this earlier. I’d simply like your perspective and what you would think if this happened with an employee of yours. Is it odd that I didn’t just mention it the first time?

Yeah, it’s a little odd but not a disaster. Your boss might feel a little weird that he’s been referencing your dad this whole time, but I wouldn’t worry too much about it.

For what it’s worth, though, I wouldn’t assume that simply explaining, “My dad died when I was young” will stop a conversation in its tracks or cause so much awkwardness that you should avoid it. It’s perfectly appropriate to mention it if you want to.

4. Can I waive my right to overtime pay?

I have been working at two different jobs for the past few years. One that I really like is a full-time job, and I would like to get more hours there. I have asked my boss to give me more hours so that I could quit my part-time gob. He told me he can not afford to pay me overtime and has refused my request several times. I have mentioned to him I do not want overtime pay, I just love working there, and am happy to get paid regular pay, not overtime. He told me it might be against the law. Even if I request to not be paid overtime, is this true? I just do not like my part-time job, plus this one pays more per hour and I like it.

Yes, it’s true. The law does not allow you to waive your right to overtime pay, and your employer would be breaking the law by not paying it, even if you ask them not to. (Assuming that you’re non-exempt, that is.)

5. Is this rejection letter rude?

I received the following rejection letter after phone interview and three-and-a-half-hour in-person interview (with no break; first with three people at once and then each person separately along with a fourth person): “Thank you for spending your time with us last Wednesday, interviewing for the ___ position. We enjoyed meeting you and appreciated your professionalism throughout the process. At this time, we have decided that you will not be a fit for this position and our recruitment process will continue. We wish you success with your job search. Thank you, again, for your interest in our company.”

I thought it was very cold to say I was not a fit for the position. Maybe something like, “We are looking for difference skill sets, etc.” Is it me, or was this a rather rude, standard email after four hours worth of interviews?

It’s a pretty standard rejection letter and not particularly rude. It’s not the best wording I’ve ever seen, but it’s hardly a slap in the face either. Don’t read too much into it.

6. Answering “when can you start?” on job applications

I am currently employed, but applying to new opportunities as they arise. A lot of electronic applications I encounter ask me to choose my available start date from a calendar (no option to write in text for “2 weeks after accepted offer”). What is the norm here? My instinct is to always choose a month out to allow for the interview process (which would likely be longer) and a two week notice period. I am hesitant to choose today’s date, as that may look like I am not currently employed (which I am). What should I put in this situation where they’re only allowing a date as an entry?

This is a prime example of job applications designed by someone who hasn’t stopped to consider whether the question makes sense or not. When you can start depends on when you get and accept an offer; for nearly everyone, that’s what it will be based on. Even if you use your idea of choosing a date a month away, you have no way of knowing how long their interview process will take; plenty of them takes months and months.

If you’d start two weeks after accepting an offer, I’d just put something between two and four weeks. You’re not going to be rigidly held to it (i.e., if you write “May 24” today and you’re offered a job on May 20, they’re not going to point to your application and say, “But you said you could start May 24.” Or, if they do, they’re being ridiculous.

7. What should I charge as a freelancer?

I’m in a bit of a pickle and hope you may have some advice for me. In a nutshell, I was approached by someone I don’t know via LinkedIn with a freelance proposal. After checking into his background and exchanging several emails, I’m very eager to work with him in a freelance capacity. However, I’ve never had to negotiate as a freelancer and am not sure how to continue. In our latest correspondence he pitched his proposal to me and said: “This is an investment on my part, so I need to know what rate you’d be willing to work if you were pretty much full-time for 3-4 months.”

I have no idea how to answer this question. As far as experience in the field he’d be hiring me for, I have about 3-4 years of professional experience. I’m also horrendous at math, so the thought of calculating rates for myself seems incredibly daunting and scary.

I guess my biggest concern is not wanting to low-ball myself, but also not wanting to suggest a rate that’s absolutely ridiculous and makes me seem foolish and unprofessional.

Typically people earn a higher hourly rate when they’re freelancing than when they’re doing the same work as a full-time employee. This is because as a freelancer, you’re responsible for your own payroll taxes (and they’re more than you think!), don’t get benefits like health care or paid time off, don’t have the stability of a regular job, etc.

A common rule of thumb is to figure out what a salary for this work would break down to hourly (you can use your past salary if it’s a pretty good match for the work), and then double it. If you’re like most new freelancers, you’ll feel anxious asking for that amount, but it’s really what people do, and if this guy has benchmarked freelancers at all, he shouldn’t be put off. You can also try searching for online forums for people who freelance in your field and seeing if you can find info on typical rates that way — but if you can’t, this is a pretty reliable way to go.

what to do when a job candidate just reads answers from a script

A reader writes:

I work in higher education and one aspect of my job is hiring student workers within a department on campus.

Recently, I had an candidate came in with her written responses to the general questions I asked — i.e., “tell me about yourself,” “what are your strengths and weaknesses?” — those kind of questions, along with specific questions for the job that I am interviewing for. While the candidate did an okay job, I felt it was awkward when she read her responses.

What is your opinion on candidates bringing in written responses or possible responses to general questions? I felt it was too scripted and that the candidate should have all of this memorized. Or is it just me? Am I being too harsh?

No, it’s not just you — this is utterly bizarre.

If you wanted scripted answers read to you, you would have just conducted the interview over email. You wanted to have an actual conversation with at least somewhat natural answers. For all you know, someone else could have written those answers for her and she was just reading them.

(By the way, you also don’t want a candidate to have “memorized” her answers either. You want candidates to prepare, yes, absolutely — but you still want a real conversation, not a stilted exchange of pre-readied questions and answers.)

But … why didn’t you say something at the time? With the first answer she read, why not say, “I see you have answers written out there, but I’d actually like to talk with you, not hear written answers.”

In general, as an interviewer, if a candidate is handling the interview differently than you’d like, say something. You can say, “We have a lot of questions to get through, so I’d love to just hear about X” to a candidate who is rambling into tangents. You can say, “I don’t quite understand what your role was in that; can you clarify that?” to a candidate whose answers are vague or that leave you unsure of what she actually did on a particular project. You can say, “I’d love to hear more about that” to a candidate who is so concise that you’re not getting the information you need. And you can say, “Please just talk with me rather than reading what you’ve prepared” to a candidate reading a script.

Related: should I give my interviewer a typed list of my answers to likely questions?

how to talk to an employee about body odor

A reader writes:

One of my direct reports is a woman who is absolutely kick-ass at what she does, but I don’t think she bathes frequently and I suspect she’s wearing dirty clothes to work sometimes. She often has a pungent aroma about her. It isn’t body odor exactly, but there is a definite funky smell that lingers even after she walks away. Someone mentioned that he hates having her come see him in the morning because he’ll be smelling her in his office all day. And he LIKES her. I can only imagine what those who don’t are saying.

People are also commenting on her unkempt and/or torn clothes (and not fashionably torn). Our office culture is pretty laid-back. Jeans and t-shirts are okay here. You really have to be working at it for your slovenly appearance to be noted and commented on. She did not dress this way when her previous manager hired her; she seemed more pulled together then, and I don’t remember her smelling, either.

I believe she is being treated for depression. If this lack of self-care is part of a bigger mental health problem, is it right for me to meddle? I think her self-esteem is shaky and I’m terrified of saying something that would make that worse. If it were me, I would hope someone would have the guts to say something. But the fact that she does not seem to be taking care of herself generally—hair, makeup, clothes, hygiene—makes me think maybe she just doesn’t care, or does not have the emotional strength to do so at the moment. Scary.

I sought help from HR but got only links to articles (one of which said pointedly that HR people should refuse to handle these issues and kick them back to managers). Meet with the employee, one said, and allow the worker a chance to offer an explanation. Good so far—but then it went on to say the manager should suggest action steps (get a physical, see a dentist) and explain there will be “consequences” if the employee does not make headway. And how do we measure that? By critiquing their appearance or smell every day, or grilling them about whether they went to the doctor? This does not seem to be an area where a manager should be butting in, even if people are holding their noses.

Yes, it really is an area where a manager should speak up. You should speak up because it’s affecting the way she’s perceived (and it will potentially affect the way your company is perceived if she deals with clients in-person or even just with other visitors to the office). You should also speak up because it’s affecting her coworkers and her relationships with them.

It’s reasonable for an employer to to set clear expectations for dress and hygiene at work, and to enforce those standards when people are falling short of them. And while I understand that you’re hesitant to interfere if it’s related to her depression, it’s really quite reasonable to expect people to adhere to office dress codes and hygiene standards even when depression might be in play.

And at this point, the issue is harming her at work; people are talking about it, and even dreading her visits to their offices. Please do her a favor and talk to her about it.

Now, this is going to be an awkward conversation; there’s no way around that. But you have plenty of awkward conversations as a manager; it’s part of the job. This one is more awkward than most, because most of us have very little practice at this kind of thing — but it has to be done.

The best thing you can do is to simply be honest, direct, and as kind as possible. I’d meet privately with her at the end of the day (rather than doing it earlier on, since she’d then probably feel self-conscious the whole rest of the day). Get the clothing part out of the way first because it’s the easier piece, and then address the odor. Start by saying something like, “I’ve noticed that lately you’ve been wearing clothes that fall outside of our dress code — things that are ripped or unkempt. As you know, jeans and t-shirts are fine here, but they do need to look put-together – no holes or (fill in here with specifics about what she’s been wearing that’s a problem).”

At this point, most people will say something indicating that they’ll comply with the dress code moving forward. (But if she doesn’t, then explain that while the dress code is informal, it’s not anything-goes, and you do need to require her to adhere to it, just like any other office policy.)

From there, say something like, “I want to mention something else as well. It’s awkward, and I hope I don’t offend you. You’ve had a noticeable odor lately. It might be a need to wash clothes more frequently or shower more, or it could be a medical problem. This is the kind of thing that people often don’t realize about themselves, so I wanted to bring it to your attention and ask you to see what you can do about it.”

Note that there’s nothing here about telling her there will be “consequences,” despite what that article that you read recommended. That’s overly harsh at this stage, when there’s no indication that it’s warranted. Let her know it’s a problem and ask her to take care of it. If she doesn’t and you continue to notice the problem, then yes, you would need to talk to her again and let her know that she’s expected to come to work showered and with her clothes laundered, and that you’re concerned that the problem has continued after your earlier conversation. But in most cases, a one-time conversation is going to take care of the problem and you won’t need to get into consequences or warnings or so forth.

If she does indicate to you that it’s related to depression —  for instance, that it’s hard to get out of bed in the morning and so she’s been skipping showers — you can certainly be empathetic (and refer her to your EAP, if you have one), but explain that you do need employees to come to work smelling clean.

However, keep in mind that it’s possible that there is a medical reason for the problem (meaning a physical condition that causes an odor, not as in not showering because of depression). If she tells you that’s the case, then at that point there’s not much further you should do, other than thanking her for telling you. But whether she volunteers that or not is entirely her call; you should not be asking her whether she’s seen a doctor or what might be wrong with her. Your job is simply to require her to come to work with appropriate dress and hygiene until/unless she tells you there’s a medical issue preventing that — just like you require people to come to work on time, not fall sleep at their desks, and other basic requirements of showing up ready to work.

Needless to say, this is not going to be an easy conversation. But you can’t let that be a reason not to do it — your HR department is right that as her manager, this is your responsibility to handle.

Read an update to this letter here.

help! my department is ignoring our own security policies

A reader writes:

My company has a written security policy requiring us to authenticate all requests we receive by phone or email before acting on the request or releasing any non-public information. This is a good policy, and necessary to protect both my company and our clients. All employees were required to sign an acknowledgement that we are aware of the policy.

Unfortunately, this policy is completely, totally, 100% ignored in my department. It’s not merely that we don’t follow it. It’s that absolutely no means exists by which we could follow it. There is no method whatsoever available to us to confirm that anyone who calls or writes really is who they claim to be — we take their word for it because we really have no alternative (unless doing absolutely no work could be considered an alternative).

Needless to say, this is a security vulnerability just waiting to blow up in our faces. I’ve mentioned it in email to both of my managers, and both of them failed to reply. Now, to my question (a 2-parter):

1. Is there some way I can approach this with management to get some action? I would like us to move toward a place where we can authenticate people and act in a way that protects both us and our clients. I see no progress (or even attempts at progress) on that front.

2. What steps do I need to take to protect myself? Sooner or later, an information leak is going to occur (assuming it has not happened already), and I don’t want to lose my job, or worse, be legally liable. With every call and email I respond to, I am in violation of a written company policy. Unfortunately, I have no alternative, as no authentication mechanism exists, and it’s impossible to perform any aspect of my job without responding to calls and emails.

It’s bad enough when companies have policies that they don’t bother to follow, and it’s even worse when the policy is an important one.

Start by talking with your manager. You say that you mentioned it in an email and got no response – but that’s not really the same as talking about it. Email is easy to inadvertently ignore or overlook, and it’s not well suited for important conversations.

So talk face-to-face. But when you do, it’s important to realize that your managers may have a different outlook on this than you do. They may have assessed the risk, assessed the resources needed to put in place a mechanism to allow you to authenticate people, and decided that – for right now, at least – the better business decision is to live with not being able to authenticate. And if that’s the case, chances are fairly good (although not certain) that they didn’t make this decision on their own, but with the involvement of people above them. In other words, it’s possible this is a deliberate trade-off that the company is making right now.

Or, that might not be the case at all. This might truly be an urgent issue that would be addressed immediately if the proper person knew about it. But because you don’t have the same context as your managers have, you shouldn’t default to assuming the latter – you want to account for both possibilities as you proceed.

That means that while you should absolutely talk with your managers about this, you should do so not with a tone of “this is an urgent crisis that you’re neglecting!” but rather a tone of  “this has been concerning me and I wanted to talk to you about it.”

If you talk with them and are told that they’re aware of the situation but that they’ve decided it’s okay not to enforce the policy for now, then it’s reasonable to say something like, “I feel a bit odd violating a written company policy with all the calls and emails I respond to, and I worry about being held accountable for that if an information leak does occur at some point. Would it be possible to update the policy so that it reflects how we’re actually working, so that we’re not in the uncomfortable position of doing the opposite of what it says?”

If they’re good managers, they should agree with you on the need to do this. But if they don’t, you can document your conversation by sending them an email afterwards, saying something like, “I want to confirm that we talked today about our policy on authentication and the fact that we can’t currently authenticate customer calls and emails. I’ll be following your guidance not to worry about authenticating until/unless I hear otherwise. Thanks for talking with me about it!”

That might be the best outcome that you can hope for in this situation, but at least you’ll have raised the issue to the attention of the appropriate people and covered yourself in the event of a future problem.