update: my company wants me to work Halloween and I’m a Halloween fanatic

Remember the letter-writer last year who was a Halloween fanatic but their company wanted them to work on Halloween? Here’s the update.

I’m happy to report that I still love the job AND … I have Halloween off this year! The same project is happening again, and it was agreed that I would do a lot of front-end work. My boss waited until today to give me the green light, but she said it was fine. I gave her the option to call me if things go haywire.

My job is mainly remote but after I wrote in, the team started going into the office one day a week. They saw my Halloween tattoo, my pumpkin purse, my skull laptop bag, my orange, purple and green accessories. It became a running joke (one I don’t mind) about my passion for this time of year.

Of course, I would rather have the week off, but I will take the day. Your words that stuck with me were: “We all get to have things that are important to us that don’t line up with more mainstream observances.” Thank you for that. I enjoyed reading all the comments last year regarding what days people took off for their own interests.

My plans are to sit on my couch for a horror movie marathon, elbow deep in pumpkins and a bag of dark chocolate. There will be a cup of pumpkin spiced coffee nearby, a black cat on my lap and a fall scented candle lit. Once the sun goes down, I will rise in my Vampire costume to scare the neighborhood children. Happy Haunting!

my mysterious boss disappears for hours and can’t be reached

A reader writes:

I work on a small team. The nature of my job means that I often need to check in with other team members about my projects before moving forward. I also regularly need to contact my manager, Dave, to get info/data that only he is authorized to pull. Unfortunately, Dave is frequently difficult to reach and that makes it nearly impossible to finish my tasks.

He will be in the office, then spontaneously disappear somewhere in the building with no explanation. He also leaves the office on errands that he says will only take 20 minutes, but end up taking hours. During these times, he is completely unreachable by any form of communication. It wouldn’t be such a big issue if our work wasn’t dependent on constantly checking with him. He will also leave when we are due to start events that he is hosting, or when we are receiving deliveries that only he is authorized to sign for. He never explains or acknowledges these absences. My team constantly jokes that someone needs to stitch a tracker into his coat.

My near breaking point was last week when Dave asked me to accompany him to a new work site 40 minutes away to help with a project. I agreed, but reminded him that I got off work at 5 and had to go to an appointment immediately afterwards, so I would need to leave in time to get back. He promised that we’d be done with time to spare. He also suggested that we carpool in his car to save gas, which in retrospect I shouldn’t have agreed to.

After we had been working on the project at the new location for a bit, Dave told me that he had to mail something at the post office, and I could stay at the site and work while he ran the errand. He was insistent that it would only be a few minutes, and that we would be back well before my appointment. Feeling like I didn’t really have a choice, I agreed. You can probably imagine what happened.

It was approaching the time we were supposed to leave and drive back, but there was no sign of him. I called him and texted him a few times with no response. I spent a while panicking because I was alone at the site, 40 minutes away from the office, with no car. I was considering requesting a $120 Lyft when he finally arrived, AT THE TIME I WAS SUPPOSED TO BE IN MY MEETING. He didn’t mention my calls and texts, or the fact that we were supposed to be in a different city by now. I know I should have brought it up in the moment, but I was so flabbergasted that I just sat there fuming in silence.

How can I bring this up with him?

What is Dave doing during all these disappearances? Is he taking DoorDash jobs on the side? Secretly fighting crime? Does he have a whole other in-person job with its own office that he’s juggling alongside yours? Does he have a disorder where he loses time and doesn’t realize he’s been away for hours? Is he falling through a wormhole?

I need to know. I wish you could do the tracker, or just follow him one day. (Don’t do that, unless you are writing to me from within a movie, in which case it’s the obvious next step.)

As for what you can do — as tempting as it might be to focus on where Dave is going when he disappears, when you talk to him keep the focus on the impact on you and what you need to get your work done. So, some things you could say:

 “I frequently can’t reach you when I need data like X and Y, which means that I can’t move forward on projects and we’re missing deadlines or having to scramble at the last minute. Would you be willing to authorize me or someone else on the team to pull that data so things aren’t held up and I can keep my work moving forward? If I’d been able to pull it myself last week, we would have been able to make the deadline that High-Level Manager was upset we missed.”

 “How do you want us to handle it when a delivery arrives that only you can sign for and we can’t find you? This week I spent close to an hour trying to find someone else who could sign, so I want to have a better system for when you’re not available.”

 “Is there a better way to reach you when you’re out of the office? Often when you’re out on errands, you’re not answering calls or texts, which causes issues like X and Y. What do you want us to do in those situations where it’s important that we reach you?”

Really, it’s ridiculous that Dave hasn’t deputized someone to act in his absence, and that’s probably the suggestion with the potential to pay off the most. You can’t make him be present or accessible, but you and your coworkers could push hard for him to delegate authority to someone else when he’s gone so that work can keep moving forward.

If he resists that, another option is to talk to someone higher-up who might care this is happening if they were aware of it. One way to do that is to simply seek out that person for help when you can’t reach Dave — framing it as “we can’t find Dave, he hasn’t responded to messages for the last three hours, and we urgently need X — can you help?” If you do that a few times, the person is likely to realize something’s off in Dave’s domain.

(And obviously, never get in his car again or next time you may end up stranded somewhere for days. If he asks you to, be straightforward about why you won’t! Dave needs to hear, “I need to have my own car with me because last time we carpooled, you weren’t back by the time I told you I needed to leave and I missed an important appointment.”)

my workload is higher because my coworker is pregnant, coworker made up an elaborate lie about a cruise ship, and more

It’s five answers to five questions. Here we go…

1. Should my workload be higher because my coworker is pregnant?

This is my first corporate job and I am unsure if I am being an asshole. I work in the IT industry at a big company, but our team at this office is only two of us. I am not very fond of my coworker (I believe her work is sloppy and she has zero interest in improving — but hey, not my circus, not my monkeys). I’m the most senior person in the team, but she doesn’t report to me. Our manager is the same person, though.

She got pregnant a few months ago. Nice, congrats. Now our manager is asking me to pick up the slack because my coworker feels stressed (I honestly can’t fathom why, the job is a piece of cake — I know it because that was my position before getting promoted). However, I don’t want to. I don’t get why should I do my work and part of hers. My understanding is that she is paid for eight hours work. If she can’t commit, then she needs to reduce her working hours and our manager should hire someone else to help out. Doing her tasks would negatively impact the work I am doing and wouldn’t be worth much for promotion and raises as it’s considered lower tier work. Am I in the wrong for not wanting to help? How can I explain this to my manager so I don’t get punished or labelled as “uncooperative”?

(Just FYI: we are both women and we are located in the U.S.)

Part of the deal with work is usually that you pitch in when a coworker has a short-term issue that means they can’t work at full capacity, whether it’s a health issue or a family emergency or anything else. But the amount of time matters, and if we’re talking about the rest of your colleague’s pregnancy (and possibly her maternity leave too?) that’s a significant amount of time. You’re not wrong to balk at taking on extra work for months instead of your manager bringing in additional help.

In raising it with your boss, the key is to focus on the impact on you — not what you think is or isn’t fair for your coworker. Her arrangements with your employer are her business; the part that’s your business is the impact on you/your work and how your manager is or isn’t handling that. For example, you could say, “I was happy to pitch in to cover X and Y for a couple of weeks, but it’s a significant increase in my workload and not sustainable long-term. If we’re going to need additional coverage for more than another week or two, can we look at bringing in additional help or other options?”

2. My coworker made up an elaborate lie about a cruise ship and a family death

My coworkers and I are all remote workers. Recently, our team brought on a new employee who also does outside part-time work as an influencer. A few weeks ago, this new coworker contacted me on a Monday and told me he got a last-minute opportunity to do some work for a cruise line and he was going to be working from the cruise ship, but did not tell our boss. He let me know he was having connectivity issues with phone calls, but was trying to work through it.

The next day he informed me the cruise ship was turning around due to a storm and that it was perfect timing because his family had just told him his dad had a heart attack. I let him know I was so sorry to hear this and glad the timing was working out for him. The next day he told me his father had passed, and this story continued on until Thursday or Friday where he took the day off to fly home to bury his dad.

The odd part of this story, which he doesn’t know, is that I am a certified scheduling agent for this cruise company on the side and the cruise ship never turned around due to a storm. The cruise had no issues and carried out the itinerary as planned. This coworker, from my understanding, made up a lie about his father dying and continued on sending VERY intricately written texts/emails talking about his father dying and the funeral. My assumption is that he could not deal with the internet issues on the ship and for some reason felt that this was the only way out of working. Knowing what I know, has made me extremely uncomfortable working with him and I now feel he is a complete fraud and liar. Is this something I should escalate to my manager or just keep to myself?

Ugh. I suppose it’s possible he was never on the cruise ship and the part about his dad is true … but why say he was on the cruise if he wasn’t? So most likely you’re right. And if you are, and he made up a detailed and ongoing story about his dad dying to get out of a very minor work situation — or for any reason, really — something is really, really not right there.

As for whether to pass this along to your boss: Do you generally like, trust, and respect her, and feel this job treats you well? If so, yeah, I’d pass it along — framed as “this felt really off to me and I don’t feel comfortable keeping it to myself.” But even if not, if you’re concerned about having to work with this guy/things he might lie about in the future, and it might help to have this incident on record in case he does other shady stuff, that’s also an argument for sharing it. (When/if you do, make sure you’re not presenting it as “I’m sure X happened” — but just what you laid out here.)

3. An employee I fired reapplied for the same job with me

An employee I let go, John, applied for a job posting that reports to me. John and I are still connected on LinkedIn. I posted a link to the job with the title “I am hiring…” There’s no way he didn’t know I am the hiring manager. It’s also the same title as the position I fired him from. We’re not moving forward with him, but I have two questions: (1) This is weird, right? Why would you apply for a position you were fired from, under the person who fired you? (2) Our recruiter will handle disqualifying him, but should I reach out separately or disconnect from him on LinkedIn?

I can think of some situations where it wouldn’t be weird, but I’m betting they don’t apply here, given your reaction. Situations where it wouldn’t be weird: if you sugarcoated the message when you fired him to the point that he misunderstood why you were letting him go (like if you let him think it was a layoff rather than a firing), or you told him the issue was his lack of skill in X and it looks like this job doesn’t include X (although that’s probably not the case since it’s the exact same job title), or the firing was seven years ago and you told him he needed more experience in X and now he has it (although then you’d think he’d explicitly address that in his application materials).

But if you were clear that you were firing him because he wasn’t competent enough at the work and now he is applying for another job with you doing exactly that work … yes, it’s weird! (And possibly an example of that same incompetence.) I don’t think you need to reach out yourself unless you want to, and no need to disconnect on LinkedIn (again, unless you want to).

4. Manager is also in charge of HR

I work for a very small manufacturing company in a managerial role. The plant is run by the plant manager, who is also in charge of HR. How can I deal with an issue that happens to be with that person? There are times that the plant manager can be very unprofessional and flies off the handle. There are times this person will not listen to reason when someone tries to explain, and he already has a preconceived notion on an issue. It makes for a challenging workday to say the least. So — is it ethical for the plant manager to also be in charge of HR?

You see this a lot in small companies — where they’re too small (or think they’re too small) to have a dedicated HR person and so they just tack it on to someone else’s duties. When the HR work that person does is just administrative stuff like benefits enrollment, that can make sense. But in those cases, there also needs to be a clear process laid out for higher-level HR concerns, like reporting harassment or discrimination — including a mechanism for reporting concerns with the person taking those reports. It sounds like that last piece — the mechanism for reporting problems with the manager — is the part that’s missing in your company.

5. Strange college career center advice

I walked past my university’s career center, where they have a big whiteboard with rotating advice on how to get a job. The latest was, “Did you know that 75% of job applications are rejected because of an unprofessional email address?”

I rolled my eyes because this one is relatively harmless, but figured you might want to add it to your annals of “weird useless things uni career centers say.”

What on earth! That is just a fully made-up statistic with no basis in reality.

I agree with you that it’s relatively harmless … and yet, it’s awfully crappy to full-on lie to students about how hiring works (and this career center just doesn’t care at all about their own credibility, I guess?).

my coworker is teasing me with a mascot of an animal I’m scared of

A reader writes:

I work for a school, and our mascot is an animal most people find lovely – think of a lion or a puppy. In past years, we’ve had a very large stuffed toy of our mascot that travels between homerooms a few times a month, usually to celebrate a homeroom that has worked particularly hard or met a certain goal.

This year, for reasons passing understanding, my boss – our principal – has become obsessed with a particular insect as a symbol of teamwork. The previous big, plush mascot has been replaced with a very large (five-feet long), very detailed plush of this insect. This week, my homeroom was “awarded” this creature.

Now, as you may have guessed, I have a problem with this bug. I have a lifelong phobia of it, actually. I’m not bothered by bugs in general, but am legitimately scared of and disgusted by this one. Having lots of these little guys turn up on staff and student-facing materials as symbols of teamwork has been annoying, but I’m handling it. That said, the giant, realistic one? Genuinely out of my nightmares. I can physically feel my heart rate jump a little when I catch its silhouette or have to look at its creepy little face.

So, the day the bug was “awarded” to my homeroom, I decked it out in blankets and hats with our school logo and colors, so it was less creepy to me while still a cute, fun thing in the room. The kids liked seeing it covered in school swag, too, and I included some decoration specific to our homeroom.

However, one of the other teachers in this homeroom really wants to get into the spirit (?) of the bug. She has removed the decorations and blanket, moved the bug repeatedly to places where it’s in my eyeline (including while I’m teaching!), and has drawn the kids’ attention to this, making it a bit of a class joke, which makes it much harder to address in the moment without making a weird scene. I’ve told her, in-person and via message, several times that while I know it’s silly, the bug toy really does freak me out a little, and I’d like to keep it out of the way. She’s replied with chiding, sad emojis, etc., and has moved the bug at least once since.

The bug moves on once or twice a month, so this isn’t a permanent problem, but it does make me wonder where the line is. I can accommodate the bug – it’s not a debilitating phobia – and I feel more than a little silly repeatedly telling my colleague to stop moving a toy bug into my eyeline, but also feel like at a certain point, I’m allowed to draw a boundary. The bug mascot is all in good fun, but … what would you advise saying to this colleague who can’t seem to understand I don’t find the joke funny?

Your coworker is being obnoxious. As soon as you told her that the bug freaked you out and you’d like to keep it out of the way, that should have been the end of it. There’s no reason that whatever fun she’s getting from the bug should trump your ability to be comfortable in your workspace. And she’s making it a class joke with students? WTF.

Her sad emojis are just … sigh. I wonder how she would handle a student with a phobia.

As for your question about where the line is, it sounds like your phobia might not be severe enough to rise to the level of ADA protection (if it doesn’t interfere with a major life activity) — but that would just mean that the law doesn’t mandate that you be accommodated. Common sense and general decency still do. Setting the law aside, the way stuff like this should be navigated is via the principle that an employee’s ability to be physically and mentally comfortable in their workplace and do their job is more important than optional stuff that’s just for fun. So your fear of this bug trumps your coworker’s joy at having it around because you need to be able to do your work without being terrified while she doesn’t need to experience the pleasure of a giant stuffed bug. She might like to, but when when you weigh the two needs, yours clearly wins out.

If you can do both, great. But when they’re in conflict, people’s ability to do their jobs wins out. That’s true whether we’re talking about phobias, or allergies, or inability to focus because of barking.

Similarly, when someone has allergies, their ability to breathe and not have headaches while at work trumps someone else’s desire to wear perfume or bring their dog to meetings. (Unless it’s a service dog, which would be what’s called “dueling accommodations,” where both needs are important and the employer would enter an interactive process with both people to see if they can solve it.)

How straightforward and direct have you been with your coworker? Have you softened the message at all in an attempt to be collegial? If so, the next step is to un-soften it and say something like, “I think I haven’t been clear enough. I have a phobia of this bug and having it in my eyeline is interfering with my ability to focus on my job. I need you to stop moving it, period. Can you agree to that?” You’re asking whether she can agree because if she won’t, then your next step — if you want a next step — is to escalate it to someone who will tell her to cut it out (and who ideally will explain that she’s being a jerk and that it’s not okay to mess with people who have clearly asked you to stop).

my employee’s mental health is affecting her work

A reader writes:

My employee has been working with my team for nearly two years. She’s bright, friendly, willing to learn, and hard-working — when she’s well. We have a friendly relationship, and she has disclosed to me that she suffers from bipolar disorder. She has not asked for official accommodations, but she’s been taking half days once or twice a week for doctor visits. For the past four months, she’s been tired, unfocused, unorganized, and not meeting deadlines. She oversleeps and comes in late at least once a week. It’s clear to me that she’s hit a pretty severe depression spell.

None of this has been a dire issue for her work yet, but we are entering a busy period. Deadlines are going to stop being as flexible, and I need her to be more on the ball. I understand she has limited bandwidth and this is somewhat out of her control, but I also am concerned about the work. How can I balance being compassionate as she adjusts her treatment with being her boss and needing to proceed with projects?

I answer this question — and three others — over at Inc. today, where I’m revisiting letters that have been buried in the archives here from years ago (and sometimes updating/expanding my answers to them). You can read it here.

Other questions I’m answering there today include:

  • My team wants to do group interviews
  • My employees haven’t contacted me since I’ve been out for serious surgery
  • Can I tell candidates to narrow down the number of jobs they’re interested in?

my mom tells me to go to work sick, never take time off, and fear being fired every day

A reader writes:

My mom once told me that what she does, and what I should do, is “go into work every single day convinced they are going to fire you if you make a mistake.”

Also, a few years ago my mom had so much PTO accrued that HR told her that she legally had to take time off or cash in some PTO because she had worked too many hours. We went on a 10-day Barcelona vacation with her cashed-in PTO.

Today, I have strep throat and a fever of 101 and my mom is worried about me missing work and thinks I should go in.

I’ve had to work hard to reprogram myself with more healthy work/life expectations. I think boomer parents can instill some very unhealthy values in their kids surrounding work.

Do not listen to your mom.

DO NOT LISTEN TO YOUR MOM.

Somewhere along the way, you mom picked up incredibly toxic and dysfunctional beliefs about work. Who knows where — it could have come from her own parents, or from some particularly horrible employers, or from financial insecurity that led to terror that even normal behavior could cost her a job and jeopardize her well-being.

But what she’s telling you is awful advice:

* Most employers do not want you coming in with strep throat and a fever and infecting the rest of your team! (There are some exceptions to that, but those exceptions are terrible employers that you don’t want to work for.)

* No decent manager — no even halfway decent manager — wants you fearing that you’ll be fired if you make a single mistake. (To the contrary, in many cases good managers want you to feel safe enough to experiment and take reasonable risks.) Decent managers know that fearful employees are less creative, less engaged, and less candid. Decent managers know they’ll lose good employees if they govern by fear.

* Vacation time is a benefit that you’ve earned, just like wages or health insurance. It’s true that some employers make it harder than others to take all your PTO, but that’s a problem to be solved with that employer — it makes no sense to proactively decide not to use any PTO just in case you’re at a crappy employer that makes it tough to do, since most don’t. (And even at those crappy employers that make it tough to do, there are people who just go ahead and take time off and the employer deals with it.)

It’s true that some members of older generations can have some outdated and overly deferential ideas about work, but your mom is on the very extreme end of that — enough of an outlier, in fact, that I’d hesitate to label this a generational issue at all. There are tons of boomers who don’t think this way! She’s not a representative of her generation in this regard, just a part of a small subset of people of all ages with truly corrosive ideas about work.

how to ask to sit with my friends, employee misses key details in meetings, and more

It’s five answers to five questions. Here we go…

1. How to professionally ask, “can I sit with my friends?”

I’m in my early career, in my mid 20’s, and I work in one of the several small office areas in a manufacturing facility. I sit in an area with six other desks which used to be full but things have shuffled around recently and there are now only three people (including me) who sit here. The two others are very competent coworkers, but we are not peers and they are not people I would consider friends. We interact here and there, but we don’t really have fun together.

This has had a larger-than-I’d-hoped impact on my happiness at this job. I miss talking and joking around with people! It wasn’t so much talking that I wouldn’t get my work done, but those little social moments throughout the day were really important to me. I work fully in person five days a week, which normally I like, but now I feel it’s meaningless since I don’t interact with coworkers much anymore.

What’s the best way to professionally ask to move desks to sit with some of the other people who I’m friendly with? There isn’t a clear business need for this or any place that makes sense for me to move to with a better excuse than “I wanna chat” so I’m not sure how to approach this. Additionally, my manager recently left so my grandboss is now my direct boss and she is incredibly busy all the time. I have difficulty getting her attention for actual important work-related things so I feel like this is too minor/petty to try to bring up with her when we do talk. What’s your advice on this? I’m considering finding a new job over this but I’ve only been here five months and I used to really like it here, so I want to avoid that if possible.

Oooooh, I was going to tell you not to until I got to the end of your letter and saw you might leave over it. This is tricky because if you don’t have a lot of interaction with your grandboss, you don’t want one of the few data points she has about you to be “highest priority that I’m aware of is sitting with her friends so she can chat during the day.” (To be clear, I’m not saying you’re wrong to want what you want — just that there’s a high risk of it coming across that way.) So normally I’d suggest that you wait until your manager is replaced, build a relationship with that person, and then ask about it … but that could be a long way off … and if you’re so unhappy that you’re thinking about leaving over it, there’s more of an argument for saying something now.

Is there any feasible way you can frame the request as more than just “I want to talk to friends while I work”? Even something like “I’ve found I work better when there’s some conversation around me and not as much silence”? If so, and if you’re miserable and/or close to leaving over this, that might be worth a shot.

If that doesn’t work, are there other measures that might help, like using a chat program here and there while you work (assuming it doesn’t interfere with your work any more than little moments of in-person chat would)?

2. My employee misses key details in meetings

I have an intelligent employee who seems to have a listening and picking-out-context issue that I’d like to address directly with him. He’s shadowing me in many meetings and frequently I will leave a meeting and give him specific direction to perform a task, the necessary background details having just been discussed clearly in the meeting, and he will ask a series of questions that reveal he missed key items in the meeting that would enable him to perform the task solo or with minimal clarification. He’s also disorganized in his explanations of problems he’s having on other projects that he’s looking for advice on, which tells me he’s missing context in those sessions as well, and when I ask probing detailed questions he can’t answer them.

I’d like to provide feedback to him that I’ve noticed he misses a lot of context in meetings and ask him to come up with ways to make sure he understands everything that’s happening in a meeting on his own. I’m not sure if he’s second-screening, bad at listening, or bad at contextualizing disparate collections of spoken information, and I’m not sure I need to know — I just need him to fix it. Any advice on how to approach this without saying “I think you’re a bad listener, do better”? I am team lead, not a line manager, and do not have hire/fire/PIP authority, just general coaching.

The first thing is to name what you’re seeing without making any assumption about the cause — you want a statement that works whether he’s playing Suduko under the conference room table or has a learning disability. So something like: “I’ve noticed that you’re not always retaining details that are discussed in meetings, like last week when you missed that Jane had said X, and this morning when you didn’t realize Cecil wanted Y.” Then ask for his perspective: “Do you know what might be going on?” Start there because maybe he’ll have insight that will help you understand the situation. But assuming this doesn’t bring you to an easy resolution, you could say, “I’m not sure if it’s a need to pay more attention in meetings or eliminate other distractions, or if it’s something else. Can you work on this on your end? And if you realize there’s something you need on my end to help with this, let me know.”

If he’s just not paying enough attention, naming the issue might be the nudge he needs to fix it. But it’s possible something else is going on, like an inability to absorb info at the same time he’s taking notes (and so someone else should take notes), or an info-processing challenge, or an auditory disorder, or all sorts of other things. Your job at this stage is to name the issue, let him know it’s causing problems, and open the door as widely as you can to him telling you if there’s something more challenging going on / asking for specific supports he may need.

You could also try a coaching approach — like after some meetings, asking him to name his key takeaways and if he misses some, asking if he heard X or Y. (Did he hear it but not recognize its significance? Not hear it at all? Those are both different problems with different solutions.) But I’d also loop in your/his boss if you don’t see pretty quick improvement, since at that point it’s something she should be involved with too.

Read an update to this letter

3. My company only asks behavioral interview questions and we can’t consider anything else about candidates

I wonder what you think of behavioral interviews? My current employer uses them exclusively for all positions. Your resume gets you an interview, but after that your resume, experience, credentials, references are not considered in the hiring decision at all, nor are you asked about them in the interview. The position is filled using 12 behavioral questions and whether you tick the right boxes in answering. (Literally … there’s a score sheet and the candidate with the highest total gets the job.)

I see the value in some behavioral questions, but as the only measure of fitness for any position, no matter how specialized or how high up in the organization?!

Noooo. I love behavioral interview questions (“tell me about a time when…”) because they let you really probe into how someone thinks and operates in real situations rather than hypothetical ones, but it makes no sense to use only those questions and not consider someone’s experience and accomplishments. I suspect your organization is doing this in an attempt to level the playing field and eliminate bias, but I would love to see data on its outcomes from doing this (data re: its effectiveness in hiring people who excel at the job and also whether it does result in a more diverse group of successful hires).

4. I turned down an interview but now want to work there

I was in the middle of my job search for a new role since I improved my skill set. One of the problems was that before I started the search, I wasn’t certain how competitive I was since it’s a new field for me. I’d just completed a day of interviews that were awkward/not the right fit, and was feeling a little burned out. One company offered me an interview the next day, and I turned them down because of the burnout and because I’d have to relocate. A couple days later I researched them more thoroughly online (which I should have done first) and realized they’d actually be a really good fit. Since I essentially turned down the job by turning down the interview, would it be a good idea to contact them and mention I am interested in their company and future positions? Or should I just let it go?

You didn’t really turn down the job; you just turned down the interview. You might have missed the window for interviewing, but you might not have — contact them now and say that your circumstances have changed and you’d like to interview after all, if they’re still setting up interviews. You might be too late, but they might be perfectly happy to schedule you.

5. Recruiter wants to change a job title on my resume

I recently applied to a job that is using an external recruiting agency to initially review candidates. During my screening call, the recruiter said they would change one of my job titles on the materials they’d pass along to the hiring committee to better reflect the work I did there.

Can … they do that?

Granted, I was severely under-titled (and underpaid) for the work I was doing in this particular role. It was the main reason why I left. But I feel uncomfortable with this — the actual job title is on LinkedIn for all to see, and I wouldn’t want to answer for the confusion should my former boss be contacted for a reference. Help!

They should not do that. It risks causing problems for you during a background check when the title on your resume isn’t the title the organization reports you had. What you or the recruiter can do is to add a clarification to the title. For example, rather than just outright changing “data analyst II” to “oatmeal data team lead,” you/they could instead do this:

data analyst II (oatmeal data team lead)

or this:

oatmeal data team lead (data analyst II)

That way, you’re not misrepresenting anything and it’s not likely to cause an issue in background checks. You’re just adding more specificity to a vague or less accurate title.

I think the reasons in my rejection email were bogus

A reader writes:

I was finally emailed almost two months after being interviewed for a job I really wanted, telling me they decided to go with someone else. Fine. But the reasons they gave were so bogus — what they mentioned, I HAD.

Sure, I know they can choose anyone they want. But should I respond to the rejection email and how? Should I just say “thank you for letting me know” or go into any detail (sort of to defend myself) or just not respond at all? I’m just so disappointed right now I don’t know.

It’s almost always a mistake to read too much into rejection emails or even to take the reasons in them literally. Much of the time they’re form emails that are going to a large group of people and not tailored to any recipient’s specific situation. If this one reads like a form letter, there’s no reason to respond to it (other than to say thanks for letting you know, if you want to do that — but that’s 100% optional).

But if it’s clearly a personal email tailored to you and it says something about your skills, not the person’s they hired, that’s different. For example, if the letter says something like “we were concerned your lack of Spanish fluency would be an obstacle for the role” when in fact you are fluent in Spanish (in other words, a concrete, objective mistake), it would be fine to write back, “I did want to correct the record and note that I’m fluent in Spanish, in case it’s relevant for future openings on your team.” Note that’s not debating the decision or hoping to persuade them to reconsider, and it’s not getting into detail about it — it’s just making sure they have the right info in case you apply with them again in the future.

But if the note was more about the skills of the person they hired — like “we went with someone with deep experience working with giraffes” and you too have worked with giraffes — there’s no point in writing back to point that out. They’re not saying that you don’t have experience in that area, even if that feels like the implication; they’re just trying to paint a quick profile of the person they hired (who was probably well-matched on a number of fronts, not just giraffes — because this is a quick summary, not a detailed explanation of the decision).

can I ask my boss to coach me on professionalism?

A reader writes:

I’ve recently started a new job and in, reflecting on my work experience, I’ve realized that I’m not nearly as attuned to professional norms as I would like to be. Given my background, it’s not terribly surprising. My parents are musicians, and there were large parts of my childhood that we spent living on tour. Neither ever had a regular “9 to 5” job while I was growing up, though they both worked very hard at what they did.

I have worked in offices in the past, but my longest-term office had really dysfunctional boundaries. Everyone knew everything about everyone’s personal business, including health, relationships, and for some people, even their sex lives, and it wasn’t the best opportunity to learn professionalism.

Now I’ll be working in legal support for a firm that is a bit highbrow, and I’m concerned that I’m going to run afoul of my new colleagues’ boundaries and expectations.

I’m smart, I work hard, I pitch in and support my team whenever anyone needs help, and make an extra effort to be kind and friendly, but that’s partially because I know there will inevitably be a time when I say something strange, and everyone will look blankly at me while cricket chirps fill the air, and I want to be sure I have some capital on hand when those moments arise.

Would it be out of line to ask my new supervisor for a little focused coaching in this area? I don’t want to signal that I’m not prepared to do the job she hired me to do. Part of my new job will involve going to board meetings to take minutes, and I’m anxious about making a bad impression. I’m also concerned that if I “try” too hard, it’s going to seem like I’m trying and something will seem off, anyway. I’m going to be 40 this summer and it’s an area of embarrassment for me, but I’d rather be coached ahead of time than corrected after making a mistake.

I answer this question over at Inc. today, where I’m revisiting letters that have been buried in the archives here from years ago (and sometimes updating/expanding my answers to them). You can read it here.

can an employer require you to be “sexually pure”?

A reader writes:

I have been working in the nonprofit industry for two years, and I am currently looking for a new job in a new city. Many nonprofits, including the one I currently work with, are affiliated with religious organizations. This is fine with me, even as a person who does not practice religion.

However, I was recently filling out an application that asked me to agree to a “statement of faith” and a code of conduct. The code of conduct referenced scripture for each value listed, and many of the values were, in my opinion, fairly reasonable: responsible social media use, honesty, integrity, etc. However, I balked at having to agree to “sexual purity” in the application (copied below):

Sexual Purity: Among you there must not be even a hint of sexual immorality (Ephesians 5:3a). We affirm sexuality as a gift from God and strive to honor this gift by conducting our own lives in accordance with responsible, positive sexual ethics and in accordance with Scripture. We will avoid sinful sexual behavior and inappropriate involvement. We believe that Biblically defined marriage is a sacred covenant between one man and one woman, and a person’s gender (male or female) is determined by God in the womb (Psalm 139:13) and revealed at birth.

I personally will not be continuing my application because of this (seems like a toxic place to work and doesn’t align with my values at all), but can an employer even ask you to agree to these things? This seems like a gross overstep and beyond the scope of what an employer should be concerned about, but I am glad I learned this about the org before I finished applying! I am baffled.

Eeeww.

Whether it’s legal depends on a few different factors.

First, federal law doesn’t permit employers with 15 or more employees to discriminate on the basis of religious belief or practice. Some state-level laws kick in at a lower number of employees.

However, federal law exempts religious organizations from that law and allows them to prefer members of their religion in hiring and other employment practices — but that exception applies only to organizations whose “purpose and character are primarily religious.” (So a church, yes. A bank run by a guy who happens to be highly religious himself, no.) The law doesn’t lay out a single test to determine if an employer qualifies for that exemption, but factors courts have looked at include things like whether the organization’s day-to-day operations are religious (i.e., are its services or products directed toward propagation of the religion?); whether its articles of incorporation state a religious purpose; whether it’s owned, affiliated with, or financially supported by a formally religious entity such as a church or other religious organization; whether a formally religious entity participates in its management, like by having representatives on the board; and whether it presents itself to the public as explicitly religious. Without knowing anything about the employer, I can’t say whether they’d qualify for an exemption — but you probably have an idea.

If they do not qualify for an exemption to the law, then it’s illegal for them to require candidates and employees to sign a statement or faith or adhere to a religious code of conduct. The only exception to that would be if it’s a “bona fide occupational qualification,” meaning it’s specifically required to do this specific job, not just something they’re requiring across the board because they prefer it (for example, it could be allowed for a job as a spokesperson for celibacy, but not for a job doing accounting).

It’s also worth noting that this exemption only applies to religious discrimination. It does not exempt an employer from following race, age, sex, national origin, disability, pregnancy, and other anti-discrimination laws — even if the organization says that its religious beliefs require the discriminatory action. So for example, if they were only holding women to this “sexual purity” requirement but overlooking sexual behavior from men, that would be a legal issue.

So. Is this organization breaking the law? It depends on all the factors above.

Regardless of all that, I’m curious about how they’re defining “sexual purity” beyond just the homophobia and transphobia in their explanation. Is sex before marriage grounds for firing? Are certain sex acts prohibited while others are permitted? And what do they mean by “even a hint of sexual immorality” — are we talking about low-cut blouses? A racy joke? A lingering glance? A rumor about you started by the jerk down the hall?

It is a gross overstep indeed.