what’s the etiquette for reply-all email disasters?

A reader writes:

Can we get a definitive ruling on the etiquette when someone accidentally emails an incorrect email list in a large office? Today I went to lunch for 40 minutes and came back to 239 emails — someone emailed the wrong distribution list for a request (there were over 1,000 people on this list). It always starts with few people emailing back and replying to all that it’s the wrong list, but then more people pile on. Soon we are in a “reply all” hell of emails saying “please remove me from this list” or “I received this in error.” Then it inevitably descends into “please stop replying all” and “why are people replying to all?”

Today it got so bad that my Outlook crashed. I have now received 430 emails less than 70 minutes. It’s descending into madness! Shouldn’t we all just delete after we see the first couple emails alerting the person to what happened? Why are people piling on?

I answer this question — and three others — over at Inc. today, where I’m revisiting letters that have been buried in the archives here from years ago (and sometimes updating/expanding my answers to them). You can read it here.

Other questions I’m answering there today include:

  • Colleague causes confusion with voice-to-text
  • Can I forward a candidate to my old employer?
  • Can I ask someone to stop tagging me on LinkedIn?

update: my new employee is the parent of my child’s bully

It’s a special “where are you now?” season at Ask a Manager and I’m running updates from people who had their letters here answered in the past.

There will be more posts than usual this week, so keep checking back throughout the day.

Remember the letter-writer whose new employee was the parent of her child’s bully? As a result of the bullying, they’d had to move, involve the police, and get a restraining order. Here’s the update.

I appreciate that AAM allowed me the space to get my thoughts in order before I said or did anything stupid. I should have gone to HR my first day as Jane’s manager, but I was not thinking straight. Things had been going so well at home that I didn’t want to jeopardize it by bringing Jane back into our lives.

Within a few days of my question posting, my junior team lead “Sam” asked me directly about my weird behavior around Jane, which had been going on for about two weeks or so. In the org chart, I’m Sam’s superior but not by much. Sam and I have worked together in the past but not closely enough that he knew about my connection to Jane (her child bullied and assaulted my child and the courts were involved, among other things).

I told Sam about my history with Jane, providing limited details with minimal legal documentation and proof which my lawyer advised me on and he was shocked but incredibly supportive. He let me know that Jane had been very vocal with several other staff including him since my first day, warning staff to stay away from me, that I was toxic, dangerous, that I had slept with her husband and broken up her marriage. All I could do was laugh at that. It hadn’t occurred to me that keeping my distance would give Jane a chance to try to damage my reputation, but she didn’t get very far. I’ve worked with everyone else on this team on and off for most of my career, so they were all very skeptical.

Sam and I met with HR and walked through my history with Jane to create a plan for Sam to manage her going forward. HR was wonderfully supportive and thanked me for communicating with her in writing as it was probably the safest thing I could have done under the circumstances.

Then we learned a few things we didn’t know. HR had been planning to reach out to me because when my predecessor hired Jane, he had done so without putting in the paperwork for a background check. This is one of the many reasons I replaced this manager. Our company requires us to use a fingerprinting service run out of the sheriff’s office for a full background check before starting employment. My predecessor let her start without one and just marked “passed” in her employee profile without adding the appropriate documentation. When pressed, he said he lost it. HR was able to confirm Jane had never gone. Before I started as her boss, Jane had been given a 30-day grace period from HR to get fingerprinted, missed multiple appointments, and had been pushing back on it with my predecessor’s support. He’d left no documentation for me or record of this issue, which didn’t surprise us, and now there was only a week left in the grace period. HR needed to discuss terminating Jane if she didn’t get fingerprinted for her background check within the next 10 days. All of this is based on state regulations and company policy and thankfully had nothing to do with me. There was no other job or department she could be moved to that didn’t require a background check.

Sam took over from there and all I know is they met with Jane, explained that Sam would be her manager going forward, and made an appointment for her to get fingerprinted that day, and she enthusiastically agreed to go. And didn’t. And never returned any calls or contact attempts from HR or Sam, which was honestly the best way this could have washed out.

My family is doing better than ever, work is great, and my amazing kiddo is healing and finding joy again. They even helped their new school start an anti-bullying and mental health program to help younger students if they feel unsafe. We’re going to be traveling to see relatives and have some fun this summer, so we’re very excited. I feel like a weight’s been lifted off my chest.

A huge thank you to the AAM community for just letting me get all my thoughts out.

did my boss reject me just so she could hire a friend, my employee lives in her cubicle, and more

It’s five answers to five questions. Here we go…

1. Did my boss reject me just so she could hire a friend?

Late last year, my manager “Sarah” was promoted to my grand-manager. Since her role was now available, my same-job colleague “Jake” and I had a frank conversation where we confirmed we were both going for the position and assured each other that we’d be good sports and happy for the other if one of us was promoted over the other (true!).

I interviewed on a Friday and thought it went as well as it could have on my part. One of my questions was whether the interviewers had any concerns about my candidacy I could address. Sarah answered on behalf of the panel, stating that my lack of management experience was her main concern. She said that since she was still learning her new role, she didn’t want to be teaching her new direct report how to manage along with teaching them her old job. I summarized everything I’d done to prepare myself for management — supervising volunteers, training junior staff members, leading projects, and one-on-one coaching from a prior manager specifically geared towards preparing me for a management role. The interview ended on good terms.

The following Monday morning, Sarah came to me to tell me my application had been unsuccessful. She gave me feedback that was mainly very positive, with only some very minor negative points. I left the meeting feeling like there wasn’t a whole lot I could work on, except perhaps my manager’s suggestion that I pursue a formal management certification to strengthen my application.

Jake and I talked, and he also received a rejection with the same “no management experience” feedback. Well, then the successful applicant was announced, and … wow. Prior to Jake and I, “Fran” had held one of our two positions, and she was now coming back. Seems fine on the surface, except Jake and I know her job history and she also has no management experience. She’s also a friend of Sarah’s.

I feel really weird about this. I’ve talked to Jake, some professional contacts, and some friends, and today I spoke to the ex-manager who had put so much time and effort into helping me to advance in my last role. While everyone I’ve spoken to has validated my feelings, I’ve worried that maybe I’m spinning the story in my favor, or maybe Fran has management experience I don’t know about — but that conversation with my ex-manager cinched it. The moment I told her who it was, she gasped, and when I gave her the details she was adamant that this was capital-H-Hinky. She used the phrase “major conflict of interest.”

Does this seem off to you? I know hiring a friend should be a no-no, but is it okay because she held my job for three years and has a proven track record? We’re a small industry, lots of us know each other well, and I’ve formed several strong friendships myself. Turning Jake and I down with the same excuse, but Fran apparently not having it either … if it turns out she does it’s a non-issue, but if it comes up when she starts in the role that she doesn’t, I honestly don’t know if I’ll be able to keep a straight face.

My therapist has suggested that I could contact the HR representative who was on my interview panel, but I don’t know how I’d possibly phrase, “Did you know Sarah and Fran are friends? Did you OK this hire?” I also don’t know if it would be worth it at this point, as they’re not going to un-hire Fran and it has a high possibility of torpedoing my relationship with Sarah if it gets back to her that I’m questioning it. That said, my faith in Sarah is permanently stained by this. I don’t trust her decision-making anymore, and it’s really upsetting me that I feel this way. I would prefer to stay in this role than pursue another employer, due to excellent benefits, pay, and a wonderful wider team, so leaving isn’t an option I’m going to take just yet — but who knows.

If it turns out to be true that Fran has no management experience, then yes, this is very hinky. Even in small industries, the bar for hiring a friend should be very high; it has to be clear that the hire is obviously the best qualified person for the job so that it doesn’t raise exactly the kinds of feelings you’re grappling with right now … and even then, it’s fraught with problems. Of course, it’s possible that Fran has some other skill or experience that makes her the best candidate even without management experience and that Sarah’s mistake wasn’t in hiring her but in leaving you and Jake with the impression that management experience was the deciding factor when it was actually about something else. That’s a pretty significant mistake if so, but it would at least change things a bit.

I do think you should speak with HR. I’d say it this way: “Jake and I were both told that our lack of management experience was the reason we didn’t get the X role. I’ve since heard Fran doesn’t have management experience either. If I’m wrong and she does, this is a non-issue — but if she also lacks the experience that we were told we needed, I have real concerns about what happened. Fran and Sarah are personal friends, and if Fran doesn’t have the experience that Jake and I both told was the deciding factor, it raises the question for me of whether that personal relationship played an inappropriate role in the hire.” Yes, it’s unlikely that Fran will be un-hired at this point — but there could be other useful outcomes, like Sarah’s management of your team getting more scrutiny and oversight and/or stronger efforts to support your and Jake’s aspirations at the company.

2. My employee basically lives in her cubicle

I work at a research university, and I have an employee who I recently learned is using her work space after hours. This employee lives across the street from our offices and insists on working five days a week in office, despite a pretty liberal remote/ hybrid option. Her cubicle is very lived in — dry cleaning hanging on the wall, grocery bags of unopened food, many pairs of shoes, luggage, etc. It is neat but clearly an odd sight to the passerby. I have addressed the state of her cubicle a few times. All of this was odd and definitely raised a flag for me.

One of her coworkers shared with me that this employee does not have internet at home and prefers to come in after hours and use her cubicle (and the campus wifi) for anything she can’t do on her phone. In fact, she used to be able to get campus wifi in her apartment but during the pandemic the system was updated and does not reach that far.

I am not sure how to address this — there appears to be no policy stopping this. Folks are given 24-hour access and while it is uncommon for staff to be here in their cubicles at night, faculty do it all the time. While she may be watching videos or shopping, there appears to be no violation of our cyber security policy. While I don’t know her unique finances, her salary is at a point where I would usually assume she could afford internet at home. Is this something worth addressing or am I overthinking this?

My biggest concern is safety ramifications — if something happens at night, does anyone know she’s in there? But if people are given 24-hour access to the building and others are there occasionally, that may already be covered. Beyond that, I’d put this in the category of odd but not actionable. (That said, I do think it’s reasonable for you to say that her office can’t be an overflow storage area for her home. She can’t routinely use her office to store things that would normally be stored at home, like luggage. It’s an office, not a storage unit or an offshoot of her apartment.)

3. Should I hire an assistant manager who stirs up drama?

I’ve been promoted to the head of my smallish department. All good so far. My dilemma is that I now have to hire an assistant head of the department. The person who is the strongest internal candidate has really stepped up in the last few months but has a history of stirring the pot. Think petty interpersonal conflicts and gossip. For various reasons, external candidates may not be an option. No one else on the team has demonstrated the skills required for the job. The optimist in me wants to believe this person can change based on what they’ve shown in the past few months. The pessimist says there is no way I’ll be able to trust them to have my back. None of the other candidates have stepped up the way this person has though. What do you think?

Absolutely do not hire someone with a history of petty interpersonal conflicts, at least not if that history is relatively recent. I’d even consider going without anyone in the role if that were the only alternative, and would be willing to explain to the person why. People in leadership roles need to minimize drama, not cause it.

4. Should I warn my employer about the checkered past of the company offering us a large contract?

Several years back I worked for a year with company A, who had a solid product but some awful business practices. Plenty of small but not likely illegal things, like padding client charges and cutting corners on products. But they also had a history of running up debt with their vendors, making impossible and ever changing demands, and then refusing to pay the bill. I was in an entry-level position and had a limited view of all the details – but it seemed like their team of lawyers and accountants were always in a battle with someone (which was often discussed loudly in the office).

I did not leave on the best terms, but since we are a small industry I’ve done my best to remain neutral towards them if they happen to come up. Over the years I have heard from several past clients who have had issues with non- or slow payment on large contracts (as recently as this year).

Fast forward to now, I have been working with company B for a few years, like the people, and enjoy my work. This week we got some great news about a potential new contract with — you guessed it — company A. No one seems to have made the connection that I’ve worked for company A yet, I would not be working directly with the project, and I could probably ignore the whole thing. Except company A is already talking about big orders on tight time frames, promising enormous future business, and asking for sensitive information — and I feel like I’m in a red flag factory that no one else can see.

What should I do here? I have a good relationship with the owners of my current company and think they value my opinion. But company A is notorious for disparaging past employees and could easily find out I work here now. Randomly suggesting that we get ironclad contracts and prepaid orders from them would be unusual and outside of my role. But sharing what I know seems like a liability too, especially considering how vengeful and petty I know company A to be. Should I just get a new job?

No! You should talk to your current company. Tell them you used to work at Company A and have some info about how you saw them operate that you don’t feel comfortable keeping to yourself — and then share what you know. The tone you want is not a gossipy “they’re the worst ever, can you believe this, let me spill all the tea,” but rather a more restrained “there were some serious issues that I want to make sure you’re aware of as you move forward.” But tell them. You have business-relevant info. What they do with it from there is up to them.

It’s very unlikely that this will get back to your old company in a way that would result in them badmouthing you — because it’s unlikely that your company owners will go to them and say, “Well, your former entry-level employee Valentina Bumblebee told us X.” Instead, they’re just more likely to do more due diligence, ask around, and maybe put the brakes on things. But even if Company A does decide to disparage you, your current company already knows you and your work, and Company A’s motives would be pretty transparent.

5. My resume has a very long section — is it OK to truncate it?

I’m editing my resume to make it punch more visually and improve the way it looks to those ATS bots. One of my jobs had me move around internally, but it makes my resume very long.

Would it be appropriate to list the whole time I was there, and then only my duties and accomplishments for my last position there, and then mention that if they want to know more, I can provide it, or should I try to jam it all in with font tricks?

I wouldn’t write anything like “more info available upon request” since that’s generally taken as a given, and the expectation is that you’ve already done the work to cull the info that will be most relevant (preferably without font tricks, so that you’re presenting a reasonable amount of information, not an excessive amount). But there are a couple of ways to approach it.

Option 1

Oatmeal Association, June 2020 – present
Senior Oatmeal Stirrer, May 2023-present
Oatmeal Stirrer, December 2022-May 2023
Groats Partnership Coordinator, January 2022-November 2022
Oats Quality Control Associate, June 2020-December 2021
* accomplishment
* accomplishment
* accomplishment
* accomplishment

In this version, your bulleted accomplishments could be pulled from all four roles.

Option 2

Oatmeal Association, June 2020 – present

Senior Oatmeal Stirrer, May 2023-present
* accomplishment
* accomplishment
* accomplishment
* accomplishment

Oatmeal Stirrer, December 2022-May 2023

Groats Partnership Coordinator, January 2022-November 2022

Oats Quality Control Associate, June 2020-December 2021

This version works if the accomplishments you want to highlight are all from the most recent role anyway.

updates: our boss is being a jerk about bereavement leave for miscarriages, and more

It’s a special “where are you now?” season at Ask a Manager and I’m running updates from people who had their letters here answered in the past. Here are four updates from past letter-writers.

1. Our boss is being a jerk about bereavement leave for miscarriages

We had our directors’ meeting and it actually went way better than I thought! I was glad to hear that basically all of the directors were on the same page. As some back story, our executive director is very old school thinking in terms of workplace policies and such. She’ll ask for feedback from us but if we say anything that she doesn’t agree with or are at all critical of a policy she created, she takes it as a personal attack and does a very bad job of hiding that she doesn’t value your opinion anymore. I’m technically a “young” director and won’t shy away from expressing workplace concerns so she and I haven’t really ever gotten along in that regard.

So, in the actual meeting I was hesitant to express my concerns out of fear that she would brush them off solely because it was me saying it, but luckily one of the other directors spoke up and our ED listened (although, somewhat reluctantly). This director is very distinguished and a little older, so our ED always listens to what she has to say. The ED still felt the need to make comments about our PTO and how providing additional bereavement costs money for the organization, but no one said anything else cause we were just so happy we were getting bereavement leave for miscarriages!

I wanted to thank everyone for their comments! I read them all. Also, you mentioned in your response that this is just a small indicator of bigger problems within the company, and you are completely right. I’ve learned to just keep my head down and to not really speak up anymore out of fear of being ostracized. I’m currently looking for a new job and can hopefully leave soon.

2. I got rid of my office’s furniture by mistake

Thank you for answering my question! I finally met with my boss and admitted my mistake. I wish I had done it as soon as I saw your answer because I stressed about it all weekend, but it turns out it wasn’t nearly as big a mistake as I thought!

He said he wanted new furniture for that room anyway, reminded me that the old table was too small and the chairs were all at least partially damaged or just kind of crappy, and set me on the task of finding new furniture and tech for that room. He wasn’t upset at all.

I’m so relieved right now and grateful that you gave me the courage and motivation to own up. I’ll definitely do so much sooner in the future should I make another mistake.

3. How do I recover after an employee took advantage of my trust?

Less than a week after I wrote the letter, “Jane” told one of my team members that she lied to the rest of us about her reason for leaving (getting into a prestigious graduate program) because she wanted to save face. When she resigned, she showed us images from a celebration party for her acceptance and branded merch from that school, so this came as quite a shock but made it easier for me to laugh about the situation and move on.

In reflecting on what I could have done differently, I probably gave this person a few too many chances before addressing their performance issues. But otherwise, I liked the level of autonomy and oversight I was giving the rest of my team and wanted to continue to do so, even if it could give someone with bad intentions a way to cheat the system. I decided I needed to focus on hiring the right people that were less likely to do that. And I did, hiring an excellent replacement the following month.

Looking back, I can see so clearly how much I was struggling at the time I wrote this letter. I felt like my hard work in challenging circumstances didn’t matter and this incident was dishartening. Really, I was doing so many things well but I couldn’t see that in the midst of the frustration I felt at that time. I’m working on taking things less personally at work and accepting that no matter how hard I try there are just some things out of my control. It’s a tough mindset shift — I still struggle with it today — but I think it’s the only way to deal with the pressure of being a manager and not lose your mind!

4. Shutting down side chats on potentially sensitive topics (#3 at the link)

Your advice was great! I was able to curtail a conversation about scorpions (some of the folks live in Arizona) without killing the vibe. The team has continued to have its side banter, and some of the quieter team members have also started to join in. All in all, I couldn’t be happier with the outcome!

should I say something about my assistant’s messy desk?

A reader writes:

My administrative assistant’s desk is atrocious. It is covered in not just piles of paper, but trash, food items, and all sorts of miscellaneous junk. She is a good employee and appears to get her work done. How would you handle this?

I answer this question — and three others — over at Inc. today, where I’m revisiting letters that have been buried in the archives here from years ago (and sometimes updating/expanding my answers to them). You can read it here.

Other questions I’m answering there today include:

  • Employees refuse to share a hotel room
  • My neighbor wants intros in my field, but I don’t think highly of his work
  • Candidate sent a document of emails praising her work

interview with a death doula — a person who helps support you at the end of your life

Have you ever heard of a Death Doula? I hadn’t, so when I had the opportunity to ask Death Doula Sharon Crowell about her work, I took it! Here’s our conversation.

What does a Death Doula do?

A Death Doula provides support to a dying person and his or her family/caregiver. Recognizing that death is more than a medical or legal event, the Death Doula performs the often over-looked role of supporting the dying person in identifying their values, beliefs, and important life experiences. The Doula ensures that these are recognized through legacy projects and are reflected in decisions and conditions happening during the last months, weeks, or days of life. The Death Doula will often meet with family members several weeks after the client’s death to talk about how they felt about their loved one’s final days – what went well, what may feel incomplete, and to help provide closure. They do not provide grief counseling or spiritual guidance, but rather stay present to provide space for the dying process to unfold.

In terms of actual tasks, those can vary widely based on the client’s needs. Doulas can help facilitate conversations among family members regarding their loved one’s final wishes. They may help the client to gather recipes, songs, photo collections to leave behind to future generations. The Doula may provide vigil support at the bedside, assist in making calls or greeting visitors, or help plan a memorial service. The list is as unique as the person requesting Death Doula support. At one time I was called in as a Doula after the death. The patient had a sudden heart attack and died in the ambulance on the way to the ER. The spouse requested that I meet her in the ER and to simply sit with her and her husband as she said prayers.

What is a legacy project?

A legacy project is a project that a dying person creates that allows them to be remembered in a special way.If the client has been an excellent cook, the legacy project may be a collection of best loved recipes that can be distributed to friends and loved ones. Recorded interviews that touch on important aspects of the person’s life, photo albums that can be reproduced, collections of music that the client loved or that represented milestones in their life can all be considered as legacy projects. For clients who may be dying at a young age, letters to children or grandchildren to be opened on future special days – graduation, marriage, birth of first child, etc. are sometimes done. In one case, a talented seamstress took all of her friend’s blue jeans after she had died and created small pillows from the denim material to give to a group of friends that the client had identified. Not everyone wants to do something like this, but it is always a possibility. Simply asking “how do you want to be remembered after you have died?” or “what would you like to leave behind for friends and loved ones?’ can open the conversation about legacy projects.

Do people generally know what they want their end of life to look like or is it part of the role to help them figure it out?

In general, most people have not given much thought to planning for their end of life beyond attending to practical measures such as creating an advanced directive or a will. Those are obviously very important and everyone should have those. Beyond those practical measures, however, there is an entire array of decisions that can be made. Our local library recently had a workshop on writing your own eulogy, something most people have never given any thought to. There are a large number of burial options other than burial in the ground or cremation that most people are not aware of. Identifying who you want to have with you at the end of life (and, perhaps more importantly, who you do NOT want with you) is so important. I could go on and on. A lot of people will say something like, “Well, I don’t care about that, I will be dead” or “My children will take care of all of that.” But the more decisions that are made and shared with caretakers or loved ones, the easier it is on everyone in the final days. We plan for births, weddings, retirements, and other life milestones. Death is another transition or milestone, yet we shy away from planning for it as if it is something to be feared and not the opportunity to recognize a unique life well lived. A life whose values are expressed in their death process. Once the person has died, those remaining can take comfort in knowing that they did everything the way their loved one would have wanted.

If someone hires a Doula, it is likely that they have given some thought to these questions already. But you are exactly right. Depending upon how close to death the client is, a Doula can help clarify these wishes and facilitate conversation between the client and family members or friends to ensure that everyone understands what the client wants, even if it is something they would not choose for themselves. Like hospice, engaging a Doula early on when a terminal diagnosis has been given can allow the time for all of these issues to be thoughtfully discussed and communicated. It also allows time for a relationship to develop between the client and caregivers.

How did you get into doing this work?

I am a licensed acupuncturist and several years ago, two of my clients were diagnosed with the same terminal illness. The clients asked if I would come to see them in their homes once they were unable to make the trip to my office. The difference in the atmosphere between the two homes was startling. In one case, family members caring for the client were calm and knowledgeable about the dying process. They had engaged hospice early on and formed relationships with the caregivers. The client was comfortable in a room with the windows open to spring birdsong and soft music playing. The room was free of clutter and medical-related supplies. There were photos of family members and travel that the client had been on around the room. The entire house felt so peaceful. In the other case, the atmosphere was one of chaos and confusion. Yellow sticky notes were pasted on the wall around the bed, which was full of medical supplies. The primary caregiver was fearful to the point of appearing angry and resentful of the role. It was a completely different atmosphere.

That experience left me wondering what I could do to ensure that people had the experience of the first client and not the second client. I poked around on the internet and found out that there was this thing called a Death Doula. I immediately signed up for the weekend long training.

What do you like about doing it?

It is an immense privilege to be with someone during this sacred time. It feels like a valuable service to be able to offer a grounding, stable presence in the midst of the emotions that can get stirred up during the dying process – fear, uncertainty, grief, loss, etc. To simply sit in the middle of all of it and stay present with the client allows the loved ones some space to go through their own process. I also think it is important work to acknowledge the end of a life well lived. We celebrate other transitions in life – birth, graduations, marriages, retirements. Death is another transition and a time to celebrate the unique life of an individual, a life that will never be repeated.

What have you learned from this work?

Even though we know that we are all going to die someday, people are reluctant to address or to talk about end of life wishes with their loved ones. The more that these discussions start when everyone is healthy, the easier (although it is never easy) it is on loved ones who will be with the dying individual. The best decisions are not made in the midst of panic but are made from a position of knowing that one is providing the support measures that reflect the values, beliefs, and desires of the dying person.

Hospice is best called in earlier rather than later. Hospice is a whole other subject, but it can be engaged when an individual is given six months or less to live. I recently read a statistic that on the average people call for hospice care three days before the client dies. Of course, no one can predict the exact time or death. The point is, people delay getting hospice care when it can be such a source of information and support. There is a feeling that calling hospice means that someone has “given up.” Hospice is simply the next step in the trajectory of someone with a terminal illness.

My mom, who is terminally ill, has talked a lot about how surprised people are by how openly she discusses her situation. Some people don’t know what to say because they’re not used to people discussing their own death so freely, and others seem to really like that she’s comfortable talking about it. Why are most of us so weird about death? Is it because in modern life, we have incredibly limited experience being around it, if we’re lucky?

I think that people in America see death as a failure. Look at the language we use – “she lost her battle with cancer.” “He bravely fought his disease for many years.” Death is not something that needs to be denied or fought against. It is a natural part of life. I am not speaking here of sudden tragic deaths such as murders or car accidents. That of course is a different situation entirely.

I also think that there is such an element of fear around death as no one really knows what happens when or after we physically die. There are reports of near-death experiences and from people who were clinically dead before being brought back to life. These reports are very similar. They are, however, for the most part reported by people from the same cultural background. We like to know what’s next and are uncomfortable sitting in the unknowing space that is end-of-life.

Your mother’s frank speaking about her own imminent death is of so much value to so many people. To hear her discuss her own experience in an almost matter of fact way is allowing death to be normalized for people who are reluctant to talk about it. She has shared her experience in such a beautiful and healthy manner. By example, she is also emphasizing the value in living each day to its fullest in the face of a terminal diagnosis. I admire her so much.

You’re going to be my mom’s Doula when the time comes. (Thank you!) What advice do you have for families when a loved one is working with a Doula? What should we know and expect?

The Doula’s role is to make sure that the client’s values and expressed desires are upheld during the dying process. A Doula does not provide medical, legal, financial, or spiritual support/advice. Having said that, every Doula comes to the position with different skills and interests. Some enjoy working with the client on a legacy project, while others are more skilled with the physical end of life process, sitting vigil and explaining to family and caregivers the process of dying. My personal background is as a nurse and acupuncturist. I can help family caregivers understand the medical interventions. (When you are under stress, you have to hear things six times for it to sink in. So even when a medical provider has explained something, the caregiver needs to hear it several times to understand). I also use my acupuncture skills by applying gentle acupressure to points that allow relief from pain and anxiety.

It can be tricky when the family hires the Death Doula rather than the client. This usually happens when end of life is imminent, and often after the patient is able to clearly state their wishes.

The client or caregiver should feel free to ask a Doula about the particular skill set they bring to the role to make sure that what the Doula can offer is suited to the client’s needs.

How does someone find a Death Doula?

Right now, there is no national board or certification process for Death Doulas. Given the vast array of support measures that a Doula can offer, I personally think this is a good thing. It allows the Doula to be responsive to the particular needs of a client and/or the family and loved ones.

The three organizations that have an established reputation for training Death Doulas, and who list their graduates on their websites, include:
The International End of Life Doula Association (INELDA)
The University of Vermont Death Doula Training Program
Doula Givers

A quick google search shows many more training offerings. I personally am not familiar with any of them, but the three listed above have an established track record. Word of mouth is also a good way to find people. Many hospices have a list of Death Doulas to whom they refer patients, as do programs such as Inova’s Life With Cancer.

You can get in touch with Sharon at sharon@acupunctureinva.com or through her website (currently being updated).

my coworker will quit if I’m promoted, shimmer body oil at work, and more

It’s five answers to five questions. Here we go…

1. My office mate announces all their comings and goings

How do I get my office mate to stop announcing every time they enter or leave the office? “I’m going to lunch.” “I’m back.” “So many trips to the copier?” “Okay, I’m going to a meeting.”

None of this is in any way relevant to either of our jobs. I’ve told them several times I have ADHD and that it really disrupts me when they do this, but they continue. When I mentioned the ADHD, they just kind of looked at me like they didn’t really understand.

I need a way to drive home that idle chatter and constant interruptions are not just bothersome to me but make me angry. I know it’s not a rational response, but I don’t like it and it really bothers me and I would hope that someone would acknowledge that and appreciate it. I just need to know how to say that without sounding like a complete jerk.

Rather than trying to educate them about ADHD, try simplifying it: “It really breaks my concentration when you tell me that you’re coming or going, and then it takes me a while to be able to refocus. I know you might feel rude just walking in or out without saying anything, but it really would help me maintain my focus.”

If they keep it up after that: headphones.

2. My coworker will quit if I’m promoted

I’ve found myself in a bit of a pickle. My manager wants to promote me, but my coworker says she will quit if it happens. I expect it would be a messy departure. Should I warn my manager about this?

This coworker, “Becky,” and I share the same title and basic responsibilities, but she has significantly less experience than me and is not a great fit for the job we have. She’s cooled down a bit but is emotionally volatile and has quite the mean streak. I’m constantly walking on eggshells, and nearly any task handed to me and not her sends her blood boiling.

Due to her nature and history, I’m expecting a pretty epic blowout when news of this promotion comes to light. Big enough that I’m actually hesitant to take the role. I don’t know if Becky will follow through on actually quitting (though she has mentioned this hypothetical several times), but the interpersonal drama will be inevitable, even if she stays. It’s frankly burning me out just to work with her currently, and I don’t know that I have the capacity to weather the explosion, even if it will eventually blow over.

Other than this one person, I really like my job, company, and team. I’m ready for new challenges, but don’t want to actually leave if I don’t have to — not that I’ve had any success in trying anyway — and this promotion will give me much needed skills to further my career.

It’s messy business to bring up another coworker leaving to one’s manager, and I don’t want to proceed with something unethical. Do you have any advice or scripts on how to navigate this while protecting myself?

If Becky causes some messy drama because a coworker is promoted, that’s on Becky, not you. You’re not obligated to warn your manager about that, especially if it there’s any chance that it warning her could derail your promotion.

But if you want to warn your manager, there’s nothing unethical about doing that. How aware is your boss about the problems with Becky? Assuming they have a general idea of her issues, there’s nothing wrong with saying, “I want to warn you that I think it’s likely that there will be some drama with Becky if I’m promoted, and I don’t want you to be blindsided by it.” An additional benefit to that conversation is that, as long as you handle it professionally, it could help position you as above the fray and more level-headed than Becky, as well as help your boss see you as a leader who’s thinking about team dynamics as a whole (usually a good thing for promotions).

Beyond that, though … why not just let Becky implode?  It sounds like it would be a good thing if she leaves! Let her quit in a huff. On the other hand, if it’s just going to cause weeks of drama that doesn’t end in her departure, then be aware that that says as much about your manager as it does about Becky — because your manager shouldn’t permit that to happen.

But don’t let your fear of Becky’s volatility keep you from accepting a promotion you’d otherwise want. She’s going to act however she acts, and you don’t need to engage.

3. Shimmer body oil at work

Do you think shimmer body oil is appropriate in a workplace setting? You can catch a few flecks of the glitter.

For daytime/office jobs with professional dress codes, no. (And based on where your email signature says you work — a large firm with a fairly conservative reputation  — definitely no.)

Is it the worst dress code violation someone will commit this summer? No. But you’re better off not shimmering in an office.

4. Should I “out” a candidate who want to cheat on their job with us?

I serve on a community board for an organization that is now hiring its first employee. This contract employee will work 20-40 hours per week at a competitive hourly rate with hours set to reflect their availability and our needs, which change seasonally.

We’ve screened several candidates, and one person shared that they have a full-time job which, based on their duties, requires that they work only 25 hours per week. They would plan to keep this job in addition to ours. This was a red flag for us anyway, but the issue I’m having is that their employer is also on our board of directors!

I feel crummy at the idea of telling my colleague, knowing that doing so could get this candidate fired, and I feel crummy keeping such a secret from someone with whom I have a professional relationship. What should I do?

To make sure I’m clear, their employer thinks they’ll be working 40 hours a week but they really plan to work for you during part of that time? Yeah, don’t hire that person. Not only are there the obvious integrity issues (which they’re apparently so cavalier about that they didn’t hesitate to announce their plan to you!), but you’d also be setting yourself up for problems when the needs of the two jobs conflict. It’s one thing to say, “Well, I really only have 25 hours of work to complete” — but what’s going to happen when they’ve committed to doing something for you Thursday afternoon and suddenly the first job needs them to be in a last-minute meeting then?

Whether to out them to your board member is a different question. I’d default to not doing that unless you’re close to the board member, and then I think those loyalties would need to win out. But you could certainly tell the candidate their employer is on your board and ask for their thoughts on how that would get navigated…

5. Returning to work after a medical incident that happened in front of coworkers

I work in HR for a medium-sized company, officially contracted to our head office but in practice working remotely. Last week I went in to our office for the first time in a couple of months for a full department (30 people) meeting. Towards the end of the meeting I began to feel very dizzy and a coworker came with me to get some air. There I started shaking uncontrollably and felt absolutely horrible.

This went on for a while, to the point that I was sat on a bench outside my office while five colleagues, including my boss and boss’s boss (C suite level), stood around me and an ambulance was called. To compound this, I had never met my boss’s boss previously and had only had a brief conversation over Teams. I was taken to the hospital and once they’d established there was nothing physically wrong, the suggestion was put forward that I’d had a panic attack. Truthfully this makes sense, I’ve been very stressed recently, primarily as I’m awaiting surgery with no date yet and also for work-related reasons. It made me realize I’ve been having moderate anxiety pretty consistently for a few months now and have just been doing my best to ignore it (top tip: don’t do that).

I’m taking some time off to sort myself out and get used to the medication I’ve been prescribed to alleviate the physical symptoms. That said, I’m already concerned about when I return to work, because frankly it was embarrassing. I’ve already had more time off than I would like to deal with my physical health, and now to top it off I’ve had this in front of colleagues (and more senior ones at that). I worry that people will be losing patience while I try and get my health together and, unreasonable though it is, I feel this has made me look weak and unreliable. What would be your advice for dealing with this upon my return?

This is the sort of thing that is sometimes mortifying to the person it happens to, while the people who were around for it almost never have a reaction that would warrant mortification. Your colleagues are almost certainly just going to be concerned about you being okay; it’s incredibly unlikely that they’ll regard you as weak or think less of you in any way. After all, imagine yourself in their shoes: if a colleague you’d never met before had a medical emergency in front of you, wouldn’t you truly just be concerned for them afterwards? (Also keep in mind, they don’t know and don’t need to know that it was a panic attack, if that’s part of what’s worrying you.)

When you return, try to keep this in the forefront of your mind: unless people are monsters, they generally have good will toward someone who’s been through a medical crisis in front of them and will just be glad you’re okay.

update: my boss made us all attend a session with his therapist

It’s a special “where are you now?” season at Ask a Manager and I’m running updates from people who had their letters here answered in the past.

Remember the letter-writer whose boss made them all attend a session with his therapist? Here’s the update.

I do have an update to this situation, which will probably shock no one: I got a new job. It was pretty clear that Bob’s behavior was part of some personal crisis, and while previously I was content to sit and wait out his ever-rotating business ideas, this one seemed more intense.

Like I said in my original letter, the job had some great perks despite the insanity, so I decided that I would begin to keep an eye out for jobs, but only if they were really spectacular. A few months after I wrote in, I saw a job posting for a position that had less flexibility but was a lot more prestigious and much more stable (it also came with a significant pay raise and better benefits!). I applied and got it, and everyone I’ve spoken with has since told me how lucky I am to have gotten the position. So I feel doubly lucky to have the new job and to have escaped my old one.

Perhaps unsurprisingly, Bob did not take the news well. After getting emotional when I first told him, he came back with an aggressive counter offer, and once I told him my decision was final, he told me my last day would be in two weeks and then didn’t speak to me again until I called him to say goodbye on my last day. I spoke with some former coworkers, who tell me absolutely nothing has changed, so all in all I feel pretty good about where I ended up!

I know there were a lot of questions in the comments about the therapist specifically. To answer some, the “therapist by training” language was how he described himself, and Bob also emphasized that he was a great therapist and that we should all feel comfortable being open and honest with him. Both of them also referred to their individual sessions frequently throughout the talk and talked about Bob’s growth through them. I have not done any licensing search or reported the therapist because, quite honestly, I was more worried about getting myself out of there.

Thanks to you and the commenters, who all made me feel a lot less crazy for questioning the situation. Hopefully my new job never pushes me to write in again!

I’m the boss who’s always late

A reader writes:

I’m part of the senior management of a small company I’ve been with for several years. While I’ve consistently been a stellar performer, I do have one major flaw — I am always late. Doesn’t matter if it’s in the morning, the afternoon, or the evening. I am what you’d call a “crammer” — I’m always trying to fit in “one more thing” before heading to the next event and, as a result, I am late in the mornings, late to meetings, etc. I regularly work 70+ hours per week, which I feel should earn me some flexibility, but I know that my tardiness causes some feelings of resentment among some members of the staff.

I know myself and I have never been an early bird. I make attempts to do be on time/early, but they are generally short-lived. Plus, truth be told, I feel like I’ve earned some flexibility given my level of productivity and performance. Yet I don’t want to continue to foster a feeling of discord among the team. Any advice?

I answer this question over at Inc. today, where I’m revisiting letters that have been buried in the archives here from years ago (and sometimes updating/expanding my answers to them). You can read it here.

update: my employee was excluded from a team-building event because of their weight — how do I make this right?

Welcome to the mid-year “where are you now?” event at Ask a Manager! All this week and next, I’ll be running updates from people who had their letters here answered in the past.

Remember the letter-writer whose employee was excluded from a team-building event (zip-lining) because of their weight? Here’s the update.

I wasn’t able to comment in the comments the day that my letter was published but I did read a lot of the comments and I appreciate the advice that you gave as well as some of the comments.

A lot of the commenters seemed to assume that Chris was secretly against the event and that it’s the only team building we do. Chris has, historically, been the biggest proponent of this specific event. They have, many times, requested that we do that event and events like it more often and even brought it up in their review last year as something they wished we did more often. Going to the adventure center is currently the only weekend event we do, but we do lunches and the occasional after hours event throughout the year. I appreciate that at many companies opting out of an event like this takes political capital, but that is not the case at my company or on my team; people are free to opt out of any and all non-work activities without any repercussions and frequently do.

Some commenters worried that when we realized that Chris couldn’t participate, we just shrugged and went “sucks to be them” and just went anyway. That is not what happened. When we realized that Chris wasn’t coming back (they took them to a different room to step on the scale and then just didn’t say anything to us), we stopped and talked about what we should do and then I ultimately called Chris, who insisted that we should go without them. No one on the team thought that what had happened was okay, but we knew Chris well enough to know that they would have been more upset if we decided not to listen to what they were saying. I realize that that part may not have been clear in my letter. I do wish that I had said something to the adventure center in the moment but I was unsure of how to handle it.

Now for the update. I caught up with Chris a few days after it happened to check in on them and see how they were doing. They were understandably shaken by what happened but were putting it behind them. They let me know that they knew what the weight limit was before we went and that they were a couple of pounds over the limit. They had hoped that, since it had never been questioned in the past, that it wouldn’t be this year either. I told them that I didn’t agree with how it was handled at all and apologized for what happened. They said that they don’t blame any of us and reiterated that they would not have wanted us to not go because of them. They preferred to have some alone time to process what had happened anyway.

I did follow your advice and reached out to the adventure center to give feedback on how they handled it and I, unfortunately, never got a response. In the past few months, Chris has again mentioned going back to the same place this fall for the team building, in a way that indicated that they were looking forward to it. They have typically brought it up in group discussions but the last time it came up we were alone so I directly asked if they wanted to do it again this year and they stated that they absolutely want to go again and that they enjoy the other activities that we do throughout the day and would do a different activity during the zip-lining portion.

Ultimately, I am not sure what we will end up doing this fall. I am still uncomfortable with how the whole thing was handled on the adventure center’s end. Thankfully I have a few more months to figure out what we’re going to do. But all in all Chris is still happy at our company — I am confident in this as they are not afraid to tell me when they aren’t, does not blame me for the incident, and still loves team-building events.